List of physicians and apothecaries cited by Andrew Slee and John Ward

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V.a.398 is a 1654 volume of medicinal recipes compiled by Andrew Slee, a Fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1650-1656.

This list was compiled by Dr. Robert Tallaksen, a reader and transcriber at the Folger Shakespeare Library.

NB: Latinized names listed may be abbreviated, or appear in manuscripts in the genitive (-ae, -i, -onis), accusative (-am, -em, -um) or ablative cases (-a, -e, -o) In transcription, all surnames are expanded and transcribed in the nominative unless Slee writes them out in the genitive, accusative, or ablative; e.g., Nicolai, Galenum, Fallopio.

The names of scientists have been included even if their work was not primarily medical. In most cases, names which proved to be clergy have been omitted from this list unless the persons had some direct connection with John Ward (JW)

Persons named by Slee are indicated with a dagger (†) Persons named by Ward are indicated with an asterisk (*)


Identified physicians and apothecaries

A

Actuarius †
Iohannes Zacharius Actuarius (c. 1275 - c. 1328), Byzantine physician in Constantinople; actuarius was a title applied to various officials
Aetius †
Aetius of Amida (c. 502 - 575), Byzantine Greek physician
Agricola *
Georg Pawer or Bauer (1494 - 1555), German humanist scholar, mineralogist, and metallurgist, Latinized as Georgius Agricola (Bauer = "farmer"); studied medicine in Bologna
Aldovrandi *
Ulysse Aldovrandi (1522 - 1605), Italian naturalist, second director of botanical garden of the University of Bologna
Alphans. †
likely St. Alfanus I (d. 1085), physician, theologian, translator, and author; Archbishop of Salerno 1080 -85), on the faculty of the medical school at Salerno
Alston *
"Dr. in physick" at Christchurch Hospital, possibly Sir Edward Alston (1597 - 1669), president of the RCP, 1655- 66
Andro., Androm.
Andromachus; either the Elder or the Younger; both fl. 1st c. CE; Greek physicians; the elder's name is preserved in "theriaca Andromachi," an antidote of 64 ingredients including opium and viper's flesh
Aquapendente †
see Hieronymus Fabricius Aquapendente, below
Arcaeus, Arcei †
Francesco de Arce (1493 - 1573), Spanish physician and surgeon, Latinized as Arcaeus
Aristoteles *†
Aristotle (384 - 322 BCE), Greek philosopher and polymath
Athenaeus *
Athenaeus of Naucratis (fl. late 2d - early 3rd c. CE), Greek rhetorician and grammarian
Atwood *
Mr., an oculist in Worcestershire; possibly Thomas Atwood, who consulted on Samuel Johnson in 1711
Avicen., Avicenna *†
Ibn Sina, Abu Ali Sina, or Pur Sina (c. 980 - 1037), Persian physician and polymath; author of The Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine
Azaravii, Azaravius †
Abu Al Qasim Al-Zahrawi (936 - 1013), Arab Andalusian physician, surgeon, and chemist, Latinized as Azaravius or Albucasis; "father of modern surgery"

B

Bacon *
Sir Francis Bacon, (1561 - 1626), English philosopher and statesman, father of empiricism
Barker *
possibly Sir Richard Barker (d. 1686), chemist and physician; founder member of the Society of Chemical Physicians; author of The Excellency and Usefulnesse of the True Spirit of Salt, 1663, and Sudorificum Regale, 1676; Israel Tonge (of the Popish Plot) lodged with him and Barker was instrumental in bringing Tonge and Titus Oates into communication
Bartholine *
Danish physicians; possibilities include Caspar Bartholin the Elder (1585 - 1629); Caspar Bartholin the Younger (1655 - 1738) - Bartholin's gland is so called after him; Rasmus Bartholin (1625 - 1698); but most likely Thomas Bartholin (1616 - 1680), who first described the lymphatic system in humans
Bartholomeus Perdulcis †
Barthélemy Pardoux (1545 - 1611), French physician, Latinized as Bartholomeus Perdulcis; author of Universa medicina (another book with the same title was written by Fernel)
Bates *
George Bate (1608 - 1669), English physician, MD FRS; physician to Charles II; wrote an account of Charles I's confrontation with Parliament under the pseudonym "Theodoricus Veridicus;" author of Pharmacopoiea Bateana; JW refers to him consistently as "Bates"
Bathurst *
physician in Oxford; probably not the John Bathurst (d. 1659), MD Cambridge 1637, who practiced in Yorkshire and London
Bauderon *
Brice Bauderon (1539 - 1623), French physician; author of a highly regarded pharmacopoiea (1583)
Bauhinus *
Jean Bauhin (1511 - 1582), French physician; or his sons Gaspard (Caspar) (1560 - 1624), or Jean (Johann) (1541 - 1613), Swiss botanists
Bayerus, Bayrus †
Pietro Bairo of Turin (1468 - 1518), Italian physician, Latinized as Petrus Bayrus; author of Secreti Medicinali
Beckerus, Daniel *
German physicians; either Daniel Beckher the Elder (1594 - 1655), the "Prussian Hyppocrates;" or the Younger (1627 - 1670); Latinized as Beckerus
Beguinus *†
Jean Beguin (1550 - 1620), French iatrochemist, Latinized as Beguinus; wrote first textbook of chemistry (as opposed to alchemy), Tyrocinium Chymicum, 1610
Bericellus *
Giulio Cesare Baricelli (c. 1574 - c. 1638), Italian physician and philosopher; Latinized as Julius Caesar Baricellus; spelled "Bericellus" by JW; author of Thesaurus Secretorum; mentioned (as Baracellus) in Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy
Bernardus Paternus *
Bernardino Paternò (d. 1592), Italian physician, Latinized as Bernardinus Paternus Salonensis (of Salona in Croatia, then under Venetian rule); mentioned by Burton in The Anatomy of Melancholy; spelled "Bernardus" by JW
Biggs *
Noah Biggs (fl. mid-17th c.), English medical practitioner and social reformer; perhaps a pseudonym for Henry Biggs because of his employment at the dockyards of Deptford and Woolwich (DNB)
Bobart *
Jacob Bobart the Elder (1599 - 1680), German botanist, born in Braunschweig, emigrated to England c. 1640; JW's contemporary, superintendent of the Oxford Physic Garden, sometimes referred to simply as Jacob; succeeded as superintendent by his son, Jacob Bobart the Younger (1641 - 1719)
Boghil *
Robert Boyle, q. v.
Box the Drugster *
Henry Box (1585 - 1662), a highly regarded English druggist in Cheapside; The Henry Box School founded by him (1660) in his home town of Witney, Oxfordshire, is still in operation
Boyle *
Robert Boyle (1627 - 1691), FRS, Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, inventor, and physician (Doctor of Physic, Oxford, 1665 - the only academic degree he ever achieved (DNB))
Briggs *
William Briggs (1642 - 1704), English physician and oculist; author of Ophtalmographia, on the anatomy of the eye, 1676
Bullialdus *
Ismaël Boulliau (1605 - 1694), French astromomer and mathematician, Latinized as Ismael Bullialdus, early defender of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo
Burnet *
possibly Alexander Burnet (d. 1665), English physician, MD Cambridge 1648; Pepys' physician, and who died of the plague; or Sir Thomas Burnet (1638 - 1704), Scottish physician; wrote Thesaurus medicinae and Hyppocrates contractus, an abridgement in Latin of selected works of Hyppocrates; physician to Charles II, James II, William III and Mary II, and Queen Anne
Bush *
Paul Bush (1489/90 - 1558), English clergyman; "well read in physick as well as divinitie," first Bishop of Bristol

C

Caesius *
Bernardo Cesi (1581 - 1630), Italian mineralogist; Latinized as Bernardus Caesius Mutinensis (of Modena); author of Mineralogia, published posthumously 1636, a compilation of reports on minerals beginning with Homer up to Cesi's time
Calp(h)urnius Ruffus *
P. Calpurnius Macer Caiulius Rufus, Roman senator 2d c. CE; acquaintance of Pliny the Younger, from whom two letters to him survive
Canonherius *
Pietro Andrea Canoniero or Canonieri (d. 1639), Italian physician, practitioner in Rome, Latinized as Petrus Andreas Canonherius; political, moral, medical, historical writings
Capivaccius *
Girolamo Capivaccio (1523 - 1589), Italian physician, professor in Padua, Latinized as Hieronymus Capivaccius; a late believer in uroscopy for diagnosis
Carolus Stephanus *
Charles Estienne (1504 - 1564), French anatomist and for a time printer to the King of France, Latinized as Carolus Stephanus and in English as Charles Stephens
Carpus *
Jacopo Berengario da Carpi (c. 1480 - c. 1530), Italian physician; Latinized as Jacobus (Berengarius) Carpus or simply Carpus; anatomist, said to have been the most important one before Vesalius
Cass. †
Cassius; probably Cassius Felix (fl. 5th. c.), Roman African medical writer; or possibly Cassius Iastorophista (fl. 2nd or 3rd c.), a Greek medical writer
Celsus *
Aulus Cornelius Celsus (c. 25 BCE - 50 CE), Roman encyclopedist; author of De Medicina, a primary source for medical knowledge in the Roman world
Chamberlayne *
Peter Chamberlen MD (1601 - 1683), English obstetrician, JW refers to him as "the man-midwife;" the Chamberlen family is credited with the invention of obstetrical forceps
Chambers *
John Chambers (d. 1556), English Benedictine and first Anglican Bishop of Peterborough; may be mistakenly identified with a John Chambre, a physician who became Dean of St. Stephen's, Westminster
Charlton *
Walter Charleton (1619 - 1707), English naturalist; physician to Charles I; his Three Anatomic Lectures were published in 1683; JW refers to Anatome pueri, 1664, in V.a.287, 41v
du Chesne *†
Joseph du Chesne or Duchesne (c. 1544 - 1609), French phsyician, Latinized as Josephus Quercetanus; MD Basel 1573; a Paracelsian; physician-in-ordinary to Henry IV of France; author of Pharmacopea dogmaticorum (1607)
Chrysolitus *
Dr. Stephanus Chrysolitus (fl. 1655?), noted by Defoe in A Journal of the Plague Year as "a famous physician lately arrived in these parts;" however, a certain Cleandro Arnobio related in his book Tesoro delle Gioie, Venice 1602, that it was told that a Roman physician, unnamed, had been able to cure plague sores by touching them with the topaz in a ring which had belonged to Popes Clement VI and Gregory IX; "chrysolitus" is Latin for topaz
Chrysostomus Iavellus *
Giovanni Crisostomo Javelli (c. 1470 - 1538), Italian Dominican philosopher and theologian; Latinized as Iavellus
Clayton *
likely Thomas Clayton (1575 - 1647), English physician; MD Oxford 1611 and Regius Professor of Medicine; or his son Sir Thomas Clayton, MD (1612 - 1693), who succeeded his father as Regius Professor in 1647, was elected MP for Oxford University 1660, and was the first medical professor to be knighted, 1661
Clodius *
Frederick Clod (1625 - d. in or after 1661), German-English chemist and physician, Latinized as Clodius; lived next door to the Hartlibs, and married their daughter Mary in 1660; also a neighbor of Pepys, who refers to him several times
Dr. Collins *†
possibilities include Samuel Collins (1619? - 1670), English physician, MD Padua 1641, personal physician to Czar Alexis I of Russia, author of The Present State of Russia, 1667; or Samuel Collins (1618 - 1710), English anatomist and physician, MD Padua 1654, physician-in-ordinary to Charles II and author of A Systeme of Anatomy, 1685; or Samuel Collins (1617 - 1685), English physician, MD Cambridge 1648, Censor and Registrar of the RCP
Colon †
likely Fabio Colonna (1567 - 1640); but identification uncertain, V.a.398, p. 46 c. 1, p. 47 c. 1
Columbus *
likely Matteo Realdo Colombo (c. 1515 - 1559), Italian anatomist and surgeon, since the name appears listed with other anatomists in V.a.287, 16r; or possibly Michele Colombo (fl. 1600), a pupil of Mercurialis
Conyers *
William Conyers (1622 - 1665-66), English physician; MD Oxford 1653, one of the few physicians who remained in London during the plague, and from which he perished
Cordus, Cord., Cord9
Valerius Cordus (1515 - 44), German physician, botanist, and pharmacologist; a prolific writer, including the first pharmacopoiea produced north of the Alps; possibly also in error as "Crodus," V.a. 398, p. 29 col. 2 and p. 41 col. 2
Cornax *
Mathias Cornax (1520 - 1564), Czech physician and apothecary (born in Olmütz, then in Moravia, now Olomouc, Czechia), professor in Vienna; said to have directed the first laparotomy (1549) for an extrauterine pregnancy
Cotta *
John Cotta (1575? - 1650), English physician, MD Cambridge 1603, "sometime physician in Northampton;" wrote against quack doctors, A True Discovery of the Empericke with the Fugitive, Physition, and Quacksaluer, 1617; but was also a believer in evil spirits and wrote The Triall of Witch-Craft Shewing the True and Right Methode of the Discovery, 1616
Crollius *†
Oswald Croll (c. 1563 - 1609), German alchemist and professor of Medicine at Marburg; proponent of alchemy and chemistry in medicine; author of Basilica Chymica, 1608; Latinized as Crollius
Crook *
Helkiah Crooke (1576 - 1648), English physician and anatomist, MB Cambridge 1599; author of Microcosmographia: a Description of the Body of Man, 1615, first anatomy text in English by a physician
Ctesius *
Ctesias (fl. 5th c. BCE), Greek physician and historian of Cnidus; author of Indica (5th c. BCE), which contains many accounts of fanciful animals, people, and customs; first known reference to the unicorn; the name "Ctesius" is of a Syrian king, or one of the slain suitors of Penelope in the Odyssey
Culpepper *
Nicholas Culpeper ("Nick") (1616 - 1654), English physician, botanist, herbalist, and astrologer; his Complete Herbal, 1653, is a primary source of pharmaceutical and herbal information

D

Dale *
possibly Robert Dale (? - ?), AB Magdalen College Oxford, practioner at Stourbridge, Worcestershire, Extra-Licentiate of RCP 1663
Damocrates, Damocratis †
Servilius Damocrates (mid- to late 1st c. CE), Greek physician in Rome
Day *
William Daye (c. 1597 - ?), surgeon in Oxford; matriculated as Chirurgus ("licentiate in chirurgery") 1635, aged 38
Deusingius *
Anton Deusing (1612 - 1666), German physician, mathematician, astonomer, and physiologist; Latinized as Antonius Deusingius; first professor of Medicine at Groning
Dickenson *
Edmund Dickinson (1621 - 1707), English physician and alchemist, MD Oxford 1656; practiced in Oxford beginning around 1663 until around 1675; physician-in-ordinary to Charles II and James II
Diembrochius *
likely Ysbrand van Diemerbroek (1609 - 1674), Dutch physician and anatomist, Latinized as Diemerbroekius; mentioned by Ramazzini (pioneer in occupational medicine, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba, 1700 )
Digby *
Sir Kenelm Digby (1603 - 1665), English natural philosopher; one of Bodley's collaborators in founding the Library, among many other accomplishments
Diodorus (or Diodoris) *
Likely Diodorus Siculus, fl. 1st c. BCE, Greek historian; his book on Egypt included the inscription of Ramesses II which was likely Shelley's inspiration for the poem "Ozymandias"
Dioscorides *
Pedanius Dioscorides (c. 40 - 90), Greek philosopher though he served in the Roman army as a physician; author of De materia medica, an early pharmacopoiea
Dodonaeus *
Rembert Dodoens (1517 - 1585), Flemish physician and botanist, Latinized as Rembertus Dodonaeus; the "father of botany;" his name is written as "Dodoens" in botanical references
Donzellinus *
Girolamo Donzellini or Donzellino (c. 1513 - 1587), Italian (Venetian) physician; Latinized as Hieronymus Donzellinus; several trials for heresy; finally executed by drowning by the Venetian Inquisition for reading Lutheran books
Doringius *
Michael Döring (15?? - 1644), German physician and Paracelcist; Latinized as Doringius; brother-in-law of Sennert
Drake *
Roger Drake (1608 - 1669) English physician and clergyman, MD Leiden 1639; advocate of Harvey, for which he was attacked by Primrose (q.v.); resigned his candidacy to the College of Physicians in 1646 to enter the clergy
Duchesne *
see du Chesne, above

E

Eudemi
Eudemus of Rhodes (c. 370 BCE - c. 300 BCE)
Fallop., Fallopius
Gabriele Falloppio, Latinized as Gabrielis Falloppius (1523 - 1562)
Favent., Faventini
Benedictus Victorius Faventinus (b. 1481)
Fern., Fernel., Fernelius, Fernelianus
Jean François Fernel, Latinized as Ioannes Fernelius (1497 - 1558)
Fienus
Thomas Fienus (1567 - 1631)
Foesi
Anuce Foës, Latinized as Anutius Foësius (1528 - 1595)
Fons., Fonsec., Roderici Fonsecae
Juan Rodriguez de Fonseca (1451 - 1524)
Forest
Pieter van Foreest, Latinized as Petrus Forestus (1521 - 1597)
Fracastorii
Girolamo Fracastori, Latinized as Fracastorius (1483 - 1553)
Gabriellis
see Fallopius, above
Galen., Galeni., Galeno, Galenum, Galenus
Aelius or Claudius Galenus (of Pergamon) (129 - c. 200); one instance of "Gallenus"
Gesnerus (or Gesnerus maius, "the greater")
Conrad Gessner (1516 - 1565)
Gheselii
uncertain but possibly Johannes Gheselius (1613 - 1650)
Gilberti Angli
Gilbertus Anglicus (c. 1180 - c. 1250)
Gordonii, Gordonio, Gordonius
Bernard de Gordon (1285 - 1318)
Haly
'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi, or Masoudi; Latinized as Haly Abbas (930 - 994)
Hieronymus Fabricius Aquapendente
Girolamo Fabrizio, Latinized as Hieronymus Fabricius ab Aquapendente (1537 - 1619); Acquapendente is a small town in the province of Viterbo
Hollerius
Jacques Houiller, Latinized as Iacobus Hollerius Stampani (i.e., from Étampes), (c. 1498 - 1562)
Hurn., Hurnius
Johan van Heurne, Latinized as Johannes Heurnius (1543 - 1601)
Langii
uncertain; either Johann Lange (1485 - 1565) or Johann Christian Lange (1619 - 1662)
Leplignius, Lepleignius
Thibault Lespleigney (1496 - 1550); misspelled as "Lepleingius," p. 75 c. 2
Dr. Lower
possibly Richard Lower (1631 - 1691); while the dates don't match up, he is only mentioned at the beginning of the book on f. 2r, and in a different hand
Iacobi de Manlis
Giovanni Giacomo (da) Manlio or de Bosco, Latinized as Ioannes Iacobus de Manliis (fl. late 15th - mid 16th c.)
Mathei de Gradi
Giovanni Matteo Ferrari de Gradi (? - 1472)
Matthioli, Matthiolum, Matthiolus
Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501 - 77)
Mercurialis
Girolamo Mercuriali (1530 - 1606)
Mes., Mesue (one instance of "Messue")
Yuhanna Ibn Masawaiyh (c. 777 - 857)
Dr. Meverell, Meverill
Othowell Meverall (1585 - 1648)
Montagnana
Bartolomeo da Montagnana (fl. 1422 - 1460)
Montanus
Giovanni Battista Monte, Latinized as Montanus (1497 - 1557)
Musa
Antonius Musa, physician to Augustus (fl. 23 CE)
Nicol., Nicolai
Nicola Deoprepio, a.k.a. Niccolo da Reggio (1280 - ?)
Palmarii
Pierre le Palmier, Latinized as Petrus Palmarius (1568 - 1610)
Philonium
an electuary, possibly referring to Johann Philonius Dugo Tilianus (d. 1553) or Philo of Tarsus (fl. 1c)
Plinius
Gaius Plinius Secundus or Pliny the Elder (c. 23/24 - 79 CE)
Primiros., Primirosius
James Primrose or Primerose (d. 1659)
Quaercitanus, Quercitani, Quercitanus
Joseph du Chesne, Latinized as Iosephus Quercetanus (c. 1544 - 1609)
Radulph. Holland.
Radulphus Holandicus (? - ?); appears only in "Pulv. Radulph. Holland." on p. 43 c. 2, and in J. Quincy, Pharmacopoia Officinalis & Extemporanea (1742) mentioning a "Pulvis Radulphi Holandicus from its first Contriver"
Dr. Reade
Alexander Read (1586? - 1641)
Renod., Renodaeus, Renodeus
Jean de Renou (1568 - c. 1620)
Rhacis, Rhasis
Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, Latinized as Rhazes or Rasis (854 - 925)
Rondolet
Guillaume Rondelet (1507 - 1566)
Ruffi
Rufus of Ephesus (fl. late 1st - early 2nd c.); only as "pilulae Ruffi," Rufus' pills
Ruland., Rulandi, (Martinus) Rulandus
Martin Ruland; either the Elder (1532 - 1602) or the Younger (1569 - 1611)
Sala, Angelus
Angelo Sala (1576 - 1617)
Saxon.
Ercole Sassonia, Latinized as Hercules Saxonia (1551 - 1607)
Sennert. or Sinnert.
Daniel Sennert (1572 - 1637); also as Daniel Sinnert, or Latinized as Sinnertus
Siluius, Silvius
Francis Silvius (1416 - 72)
Trincavel, Trinchavel
Vettore Trincavella (1496 - 1568)
Valesco, Valescus, or Valescus de Tar(r)anta
Vasco, Velasco, or Valescus de Taranta (1382 - 1417)
Weck., Wecker, Weckerus (one instance of Vecker, p. 29)
Johannes Jacob Wecker (1528 - 1586)

Unidentified physicians and apothecaries

Alphons Ferrarius, p. 25 c. 2
possibly Alfonso Ferrarri (?) of Cremona; also "Ferrarius," ibid.
Dr Bar, p. 16 c. 3
Dr Baron, p. 19 c. 1
Dr. Betone, p. 19, c.2
Dr. Butcher Ipswicens (from Ipswich?), f. 1v
Dr. Collins, p. 48 c. 2
Euonimus, p. 77 c.2
Fienus, p. 18 c. 1
Gheselli, p. 60 c.2
Mo Goad, p. 48 c. 2
Dr. Goldsmith, p. 52 c. 1
Dr. Hale Chyrurgicus, p. 34 c. 2
Dr. Harvey, p. 87 c. 2
(possibly the William Harvey of De motu cordis fame (1578 - 1657))
Hast., Haust., p. 61 c. 1, p. 62 c. 1 & c. 3
Iohanni, p. 17 c. 1
Dr. Lister
(not the 19th c. pioneer of antisepsis), p. 19 c. 1
Dr. Lower, f. 2r
Radulph. Holland.
Radulphus Hollandicus (see above)
Dr. Reade, p. 33 c.2, p. 69 c. 1
(likely the same as Alexander Read, above)
Roberto, p. 19 c. 2
("experto crede Roberto," = "trust Robert the Expert")
Saxonius, pp. 27, 30, 68
(scattered occurrences; likely in error for Saxonia)
Dr. Stephani, p.24 c.1
Dr. Stookes, p. 48 c. 1
Vraliano, p. 15 c. 3
Dr Walletus, p. 68 c. 2

Referred to by initials only

D. L., p.29
"Syr. Casselanus D. L."
Dr. L. p. 44, c. 2
Sir R. L S., f. 1r
Dr. W., p. 22 c. 1
R. W.
"Syr: Pectoralis R. W.," p. 27 c 1.

Other

Aug., August., Augustan., Augustana, Augustina
Pharmacopoeia Augustana; many editions, earliest 1573
Casselanus
from or related to the city of Kassel in Hesse