List of physicians and apothecaries cited by Andrew Slee and John Ward: Difference between revisions

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==='''N'''===
==='''N'''===
   
   
;Nicol., Nicolai  
;Nardus *
:Nicola Deoprepio, a.k.a. Niccolo da Reggio (1280 - ?)
:Giovanni Nardi (1585 - 1654), Italian physician, Latinized as Nardus; friend of Harvey
 
;Needham *
:Marchamont Nedham (1620 - 1678), English journalist, publisher, and pampleteer; anti-Galenist; JW identifies him as the author of ''Medela medicinae, A Plea for the Free Profession, and a Renovation of the Art of Physick'', 1665
 
;Needham *
:Casper (or Jasper) Needham (1622 - 1679), English physician; MD Cambridge 1657, an early FRS
 
;Needham *
:Walter Needham (bap. 1632 - d. 1691), highly regarded English physician and anatomist, FRS; Sydenham was an admirer; wrote ''Disquisitio anatomica de formato foetu'' (1667) on the anatomy and physiology of the human fetus
 
;Nicol., Nicolai
:Nicola Deoprepio, a.k.a. Niccolò da Reggio (1280 - ?), Italian physician, scientist, and translator; on faculty at Salerno; translator of Aristotle and Galen
 
;''Novum lumen'' *
:not a person, but a book, mentioned by JW in V.a.287, 44r; an EEBO search yields either ''Novum lumen chymicum'' by Michał Sędziwój (1566 - 1636, see Sendivogius, below); or ''Novum lumen medicum'' (1662) by Joachim Poleman after the system of van Helmont. The quotations from the book as given by JW are as follows:  "That part of the sperme which truly conduces to the making of man (as novum Lumen) says, canne bee no greater att first .. then the 8200th part of a graine of wheat/ That of Aristotle is provable, that the 40th day after Conception, homo formica non major." Neither appears in the English translation of Sendivogius nor in Poleman; they appears to come instead from ''A Most Certaine and True Relation of a Strange Monster Serpent Found in the left Ventricle of the heart of Iohn Pennant'' (1639) by Edward May, "Doctor of Philosophy and Physick," etc.:  "it can be no greater at first moment of conception, then in proportion to the 8200 part of a grain of wheate;" and "that the fortieth day after conception, homo formica non major," which appears directly after the "8200" quotation in May.
 
==='''O'''===
 
;Octavianus Roboretus *
:Ottaviano Roboreto or Rovereti (fl. late 16th c.), Italian physician and philosopyer, MD Padua; Latinized as Octavianus Roboretus; styled either "da Trento" (the city) or "da Trentino" (the region); author of ''De peticulari febre''
 
;Orbasius *
:Oribasius or Oreibasius (c. 320 - 404), Greek medical writer and personal physician to Emperor Julian; wrote two collections (''Collectiones medicae'') of excerpts of earlier writers, a collection of excerpts from Galen
 
;Owen *
:a contemporary of JW's at Christ Church; the only likely candidate in ''Alumni Oxonienses'' is George Owen (d. 1690), matric. February 1650/1, BA Merton College March 1650/1, MA Christ Church 1656, Archdeacon of St. David's, Pembrokeshire
 
==='''P'''===
   
   
;Palmarii  
;Paedomontanus *
:Pierre le Palmier, Latinized as Petrus Palmarius (1568 - 1610)
:probably Girolamo Ruscelli (1500 - 1566), Italian mathematician and cartographer, pseudonym Alessio Piemontese, Latinized as Alexius Pedemontanus; author of ''The Book of Secrets of Alexis of Piedmont'', which features in "The book thief," Heather Wolfe's 9 December 2021 post in ''The Collation'' (https://collation.folger.edu)
 
;Palmarii, Palmarius *†
:Pierre le Palmier or Paulmier, (1568 - 1610), French physician, Latinized as Petrus Palmarius; author of ''Lapis Philosophicus Dogmaticorum'', 1608, which attacked Paracelsus and supported the older medicine and pharmacy
 
;Papinius *
:uncertain, possibly Ambrosius Papen (fl. mid-late 16th c.); Papenius and Guiffartus are described by JW as "Medici praestantissimi" in V.a.287, 79r; this Papen is listed in J. H. Baas' ''Outlines of the History of Medicine'' as the author of a book on midwifery; there is a Papinius listed in the ''Catalogue of the Library of the Royal College of Surgeons of England'' (vol. 3, 1853) under discovery and controversies on the circulation of the blood
 
;Paracelsus *†
:(Philippus Aureolus) Theophrastus (Bombastus) von Hohenheim (1493 - 1541), Swiss physician, alchemist, and philosopher; "father of toxicology;" Paracelsianism is the early modern medical movement inspired by him, which values clinical observation in conjunction with received wisdom
 
;Park., Parkinson *
:John Parkinson (1567 - 1650), English apothecary, herbalist, and botanist; apothecary to James I and royal botanist to Charles I; author of ''Theatrum botanicum'' (1640), describing some 3800 plants, the most highly regarded botanical treatise of its time
 
;Parry, Paraeus (a Chirurgion) *
:Ambroise Paré (1510 - 1590), French barber-surgeon, Latinized as Paraeus; served as surgeon to Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III; one of the fathers of modern surgery and forensic pathology; pioneer in surgical techniques and wound care
 
;Peachi *
:John Peachi or Peachie (fl. late 17th c.) MD Caen, Extra-Licentiate of RCP 1683; apparently not the same person as John Pechey (1654 - 1718), RCP 1684, see ''DNB''
 
;Pequet, Pecquett *
:Jean Pecquet (1622 - 74) of Dieppe, French anatomist and physiologist, Latinized as Pecquetus; MD and professor at Montpellier; discoverer of the cisterna chyli or reservoir of Pecquet
 
;Petrus Severinus *
:Peder Sørensen (1542 - 1602), Danish physician, Latinized as Petrus Severinus; author of ''Idea medicinae philosophicae'' (1571), which asserted that Paracelsus' ideas were superior to those of Galen and of the concept of the four humors
 
;Phavorinus *
:Giuseppe Favorino de' Clavari (fl. early 16th c.), Italian physician, Latinized as Josephus Phavorinus a Clavariis; author, inter alia, of ''Medicarum Exertitationum'' (1594)
   
   
;Philonium  
;Philonium
:an electuary, possibly referring to Johann Philonius Dugo Tilianus (d. 1553) or Philo of Tarsus (fl. 1c)
:not a person per se but an electuary, possibly referring to Johann Philonius Dugo Tilianus (d. 1553) or Philo of Tarsus (fl. 1c)
 
;Platerus *
:Felix Platter (1536 - 1614), Swiss physician, Latinized as Platerus; MD Montpellier 1557, professor at Basel; known for classification of psychiatric diseases and first description of an intracranial tumor
   
   
;Plinius  
;Plinius *
:Gaius Plinius Secundus or Pliny the Elder (c. 23/24 - 79 CE)
:Gaius Plinius Secundus or Pliny the Elder (c. 23/24 - 79), Roman author and naturalist, military leader, and friend of Emperor Vespasian; wrote the ''Naturalis historia'', by some considered to be the first encyclopedia
 
;Plot *
:Robert Plot (1640 - 96) "of Magdalen Hall," Oxford, English naturalist; first Professor of Chemistry at Oxford, first keeper of the Ashmolean Museum
   
   
;Primiros., Primirosius  
;Primiros., Primirosius *†
:James Primrose or Primerose (d. 1659)
:James Primrose or Primerose (d. 1659), English physycian, Latinized as Primirosius; defender of Galen and opposed to Harvey's theory of blood circulation; described by Haller as "contensiosus veterum defensor"
 
;Prujean *
:Sir Francis Prujean or Pridgeon (c.1593 - 1666), English physician; MD Cambridge 1625; cured Queen Catherine of typhus, 1663; President of the RCP 1650 - 54
 
;Prideaux *
:likely John Prideaux or Prydeaux (1578 - 1650), DD Exeter College, Oxford, 1612; Regius Professor of Divinity (1615 - 42), Christ Church
 
==='''Q'''===
   
   
;Quaercitanus, Quercitani, Quercitanus  
;Quaercitanus, Quercitani, Quercitanus *†
:Joseph du Chesne, Latinized as Iosephus Quercetanus (c. 1544 - 1609)
:Quercetanus = Joseph du Chesne (q. v.), Latinized as Iosephus Quercetanus
 
;Quercetanus Redivivus *
:"Quercetanus Alive Again," not a person but a book of du Chesne's writings published posthumously (1648) and apparently compiled or edited by Schröder
 
==='''R'''===
   
   
;Radulph. Holland.  
;Radulph. Holland.  

Revision as of 14:46, 15 February 2022

V.a.398 is a 1654 volume of medicinal recipes compiled by Andrew Slee, a Fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1650-1656.

This list was compiled by Dr. Robert Tallaksen, a reader and transcriber at the Folger Shakespeare Library.

NB: Latinized names listed may be abbreviated, or appear in manuscripts in the genitive (-ae, -i, -onis), accusative (-am, -em, -um) or ablative cases (-a, -e, -o) In transcription, all surnames are expanded and transcribed in the nominative unless Slee writes them out in the genitive, accusative, or ablative; e.g., Nicolai, Galenum, Fallopio.

The names of scientists have been included even if their work was not primarily medical. In most cases, names which proved to be clergy have been omitted from this list unless the persons had some direct connection with John Ward (JW)

Persons named by Slee are indicated with a dagger (†) Persons named by Ward are indicated with an asterisk (*)


Identified physicians and apothecaries

A

Actuarius †
Iohannes Zacharius Actuarius (c. 1275 - c. 1328), Byzantine physician in Constantinople; actuarius was a title applied to various officials
Aetius †
Aetius of Amida (c. 502 - 575), Byzantine Greek physician
Agricola *
Georg Pawer or Bauer (1494 - 1555), German humanist scholar, mineralogist, and metallurgist, Latinized as Georgius Agricola (Bauer = "farmer"); studied medicine in Bologna
Aldovrandi *
Ulysse Aldovrandi (1522 - 1605), Italian naturalist, second director of botanical garden of the University of Bologna
Alphans. †
likely St. Alfanus I (d. 1085), physician, theologian, translator, and author; Archbishop of Salerno 1080 -85), on the faculty of the medical school at Salerno
Alston *
"Dr. in physick" at Christchurch Hospital, possibly Sir Edward Alston (1597 - 1669), president of the RCP, 1655- 66
Andro., Androm.
Andromachus; either the Elder or the Younger; both fl. 1st c. CE; Greek physicians; the elder's name is preserved in "theriaca Andromachi," an antidote of 64 ingredients including opium and viper's flesh
Aquapendente †
see Hieronymus Fabricius Aquapendente, below
Arcaeus, Arcei †
Francesco de Arce (1493 - 1573), Spanish physician and surgeon, Latinized as Arcaeus
Aristoteles *†
Aristotle (384 - 322 BCE), Greek philosopher and polymath
Athenaeus *
Athenaeus of Naucratis (fl. late 2d - early 3rd c. CE), Greek rhetorician and grammarian
Atwood *
Mr., an oculist in Worcestershire; possibly Thomas Atwood, who consulted on Samuel Johnson in 1711
Avicen., Avicenna *†
Ibn Sina, Abu Ali Sina, or Pur Sina (c. 980 - 1037), Persian physician and polymath; author of The Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine
Azaravii, Azaravius †
Abu Al Qasim Al-Zahrawi (936 - 1013), Arab Andalusian physician, surgeon, and chemist, Latinized as Azaravius or Albucasis; "father of modern surgery"

B

Bacon *
Sir Francis Bacon, (1561 - 1626), English philosopher and statesman, father of empiricism
Barker *
possibly Sir Richard Barker (d. 1686), chemist and physician; founder member of the Society of Chemical Physicians; author of The Excellency and Usefulnesse of the True Spirit of Salt, 1663, and Sudorificum Regale, 1676; Israel Tonge (of the Popish Plot) lodged with him and Barker was instrumental in bringing Tonge and Titus Oates into communication
Bartholine *
Danish physicians; possibilities include Caspar Bartholin the Elder (1585 - 1629); Caspar Bartholin the Younger (1655 - 1738) - Bartholin's gland is so called after him; Rasmus Bartholin (1625 - 1698); but most likely Thomas Bartholin (1616 - 1680), who first described the lymphatic system in humans
Bartholomeus Perdulcis †
Barthélemy Pardoux (1545 - 1611), French physician, Latinized as Bartholomeus Perdulcis; author of Universa medicina (another book with the same title was written by Fernel)
Bates *
George Bate (1608 - 1669), English physician, MD FRS; physician to Charles II; wrote an account of Charles I's confrontation with Parliament under the pseudonym "Theodoricus Veridicus;" author of Pharmacopoiea Bateana; JW refers to him consistently as "Bates"
Bathurst *
physician in Oxford; probably not the John Bathurst (d. 1659), MD Cambridge 1637, who practiced in Yorkshire and London
Bauderon *
Brice Bauderon (1539 - 1623), French physician; author of a highly regarded pharmacopoiea (1583)
Bauhinus *
Jean Bauhin (1511 - 1582), French physician; or his sons Gaspard (Caspar) (1560 - 1624), or Jean (Johann) (1541 - 1613), Swiss botanists
Bayerus, Bayrus †
Pietro Bairo of Turin (1468 - 1518), Italian physician, Latinized as Petrus Bayrus; author of Secreti Medicinali
Beckerus, Daniel *
German physicians; either Daniel Beckher the Elder (1594 - 1655), the "Prussian Hyppocrates;" or the Younger (1627 - 1670); Latinized as Beckerus
Beguinus *†
Jean Beguin (1550 - 1620), French iatrochemist, Latinized as Beguinus; wrote first textbook of chemistry (as opposed to alchemy), Tyrocinium Chymicum, 1610
Bericellus *
Giulio Cesare Baricelli (c. 1574 - c. 1638), Italian physician and philosopher; Latinized as Julius Caesar Baricellus; spelled "Bericellus" by JW; author of Thesaurus Secretorum; mentioned (as Baracellus) in Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy
Bernardus Paternus *
Bernardino Paternò (d. 1592), Italian physician, Latinized as Bernardinus Paternus Salonensis (of Salona in Croatia, then under Venetian rule); mentioned by Burton in The Anatomy of Melancholy; spelled "Bernardus" by JW
Biggs *
Noah Biggs (fl. mid-17th c.), English medical practitioner and social reformer; perhaps a pseudonym for Henry Biggs because of his employment at the dockyards of Deptford and Woolwich (DNB)
Bobart *
Jacob Bobart the Elder (1599 - 1680), German botanist, born in Braunschweig, emigrated to England c. 1640; JW's contemporary, superintendent of the Oxford Physic Garden, sometimes referred to simply as Jacob; succeeded as superintendent by his son, Jacob Bobart the Younger (1641 - 1719)
Boghil *
Robert Boyle, q. v.
Box the Drugster *
Henry Box (1585 - 1662), a highly regarded English druggist in Cheapside; The Henry Box School founded by him (1660) in his home town of Witney, Oxfordshire, is still in operation
Boyle *
Robert Boyle (1627 - 1691), FRS, Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, inventor, and physician (Doctor of Physic, Oxford, 1665 - the only academic degree he ever achieved (DNB))
Briggs *
William Briggs (1642 - 1704), English physician and oculist; author of Ophtalmographia, on the anatomy of the eye, 1676
Bullialdus *
Ismaël Boulliau (1605 - 1694), French astromomer and mathematician, Latinized as Ismael Bullialdus, early defender of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo
Burnet *
possibly Alexander Burnet (d. 1665), English physician, MD Cambridge 1648; Pepys' physician, and who died of the plague; or Sir Thomas Burnet (1638 - 1704), Scottish physician; wrote Thesaurus medicinae and Hyppocrates contractus, an abridgement in Latin of selected works of Hyppocrates; physician to Charles II, James II, William III and Mary II, and Queen Anne
Bush *
Paul Bush (1489/90 - 1558), English clergyman; "well read in physick as well as divinitie," first Bishop of Bristol

C

Caesius *
Bernardo Cesi (1581 - 1630), Italian mineralogist; Latinized as Bernardus Caesius Mutinensis (of Modena); author of Mineralogia, published posthumously 1636, a compilation of reports on minerals beginning with Homer up to Cesi's time
Calp(h)urnius Ruffus *
P. Calpurnius Macer Caiulius Rufus, Roman senator 2d c. CE; acquaintance of Pliny the Younger, from whom two letters to him survive
Canonherius *
Pietro Andrea Canoniero or Canonieri (d. 1639), Italian physician, practitioner in Rome, Latinized as Petrus Andreas Canonherius; political, moral, medical, historical writings
Capivaccius *
Girolamo Capivaccio (1523 - 1589), Italian physician, professor in Padua, Latinized as Hieronymus Capivaccius; a late believer in uroscopy for diagnosis
Carolus Stephanus *
Charles Estienne (1504 - 1564), French anatomist and for a time printer to the King of France, Latinized as Carolus Stephanus and in English as Charles Stephens
Carpus *
Jacopo Berengario da Carpi (c. 1480 - c. 1530), Italian physician; Latinized as Jacobus (Berengarius) Carpus or simply Carpus; anatomist, said to have been the most important one before Vesalius
Cass. †
Cassius; probably Cassius Felix (fl. 5th. c.), Roman African medical writer; or possibly Cassius Iastorophista (fl. 2nd or 3rd c.), a Greek medical writer
Celsus *
Aulus Cornelius Celsus (c. 25 BCE - 50 CE), Roman encyclopedist; author of De Medicina, a primary source for medical knowledge in the Roman world
Chamberlayne *
Peter Chamberlen MD (1601 - 1683), English obstetrician, JW refers to him as "the man-midwife;" the Chamberlen family is credited with the invention of obstetrical forceps
Chambers *
John Chambers (d. 1556), English Benedictine and first Anglican Bishop of Peterborough; may be mistakenly identified with a John Chambre, a physician who became Dean of St. Stephen's, Westminster
Charlton *
Walter Charleton (1619 - 1707), English naturalist; physician to Charles I; his Three Anatomic Lectures were published in 1683; JW refers to Anatome pueri, 1664, in V.a.287, 41v
du Chesne *†
Joseph du Chesne or Duchesne (c. 1544 - 1609), French phsyician, Latinized as Josephus Quercetanus; MD Basel 1573; a Paracelsian; physician-in-ordinary to Henry IV of France; author of Pharmacopea dogmaticorum (1607)
Chrysolitus *
Dr. Stephanus Chrysolitus (fl. 1655?), noted by Defoe in A Journal of the Plague Year as "a famous physician lately arrived in these parts;" however, a certain Cleandro Arnobio related in his book Tesoro delle Gioie, Venice 1602, that it was told that a Roman physician, unnamed, had been able to cure plague sores by touching them with the topaz in a ring which had belonged to Popes Clement VI and Gregory IX; "chrysolitus" is Latin for topaz
Chrysostomus Iavellus *
Giovanni Crisostomo Javelli (c. 1470 - 1538), Italian Dominican philosopher and theologian; Latinized as Iavellus
Clayton *
likely Thomas Clayton (1575 - 1647), English physician; MD Oxford 1611 and Regius Professor of Medicine; or his son Sir Thomas Clayton, MD (1612 - 1693), who succeeded his father as Regius Professor in 1647, was elected MP for Oxford University 1660, and was the first medical professor to be knighted, 1661
Clodius *
Frederick Clod (1625 - d. in or after 1661), German-English chemist and physician, Latinized as Clodius; lived next door to the Hartlibs, and married their daughter Mary in 1660; also a neighbor of Pepys, who refers to him several times
Dr. Collins *†
possibilities include Samuel Collins (1619? - 1670), English physician, MD Padua 1641, personal physician to Czar Alexis I of Russia, author of The Present State of Russia, 1667; or Samuel Collins (1618 - 1710), English anatomist and physician, MD Padua 1654, physician-in-ordinary to Charles II and author of A Systeme of Anatomy, 1685; or Samuel Collins (1617 - 1685), English physician, MD Cambridge 1648, Censor and Registrar of the RCP
Colon †
likely Fabio Colonna (1567 - 1640); but identification uncertain, V.a.398, p. 46 c. 1, p. 47 c. 1
Columbus *
likely Matteo Realdo Colombo (c. 1515 - 1559), Italian anatomist and surgeon, since the name appears listed with other anatomists in V.a.287, 16r; or possibly Michele Colombo (fl. 1600), a pupil of Mercurialis
Conyers *
William Conyers (1622 - 1665-66), English physician; MD Oxford 1653, one of the few physicians who remained in London during the plague, and from which he perished
Cordus, Cord., Cord9
Valerius Cordus (1515 - 44), German physician, botanist, and pharmacologist; a prolific writer, including the first pharmacopoiea produced north of the Alps; possibly also in error as "Crodus," V.a. 398, p. 29 col. 2 and p. 41 col. 2
Cornax *
Mathias Cornax (1520 - 1564), Czech physician and apothecary (born in Olmütz, then in Moravia, now Olomouc, Czechia), professor in Vienna; said to have directed the first laparotomy (1549) for an extrauterine pregnancy
Cotta *
John Cotta (1575? - 1650), English physician, MD Cambridge 1603, "sometime physician in Northampton;" wrote against quack doctors, A True Discovery of the Empericke with the Fugitive, Physition, and Quacksaluer, 1617; but was also a believer in evil spirits and wrote The Triall of Witch-Craft Shewing the True and Right Methode of the Discovery, 1616
Crollius *†
Oswald Croll (c. 1563 - 1609), German alchemist and professor of Medicine at Marburg; proponent of alchemy and chemistry in medicine; author of Basilica Chymica, 1608; Latinized as Crollius
Crook *
Helkiah Crooke (1576 - 1648), English physician and anatomist, MB Cambridge 1599; author of Microcosmographia: a Description of the Body of Man, 1615, first anatomy text in English by a physician
Ctesius *
Ctesias (fl. 5th c. BCE), Greek physician and historian of Cnidus; author of Indica (5th c. BCE), which contains many accounts of fanciful animals, people, and customs; first known reference to the unicorn; the name "Ctesius" is of a Syrian king, or one of the slain suitors of Penelope in the Odyssey
Culpepper *
Nicholas Culpeper ("Nick") (1616 - 1654), English physician, botanist, herbalist, and astrologer; his Complete Herbal, 1653, is a primary source of pharmaceutical and herbal information

D

Dale *
possibly Robert Dale (? - ?), AB Magdalen College Oxford, practioner at Stourbridge, Worcestershire, Extra-Licentiate of RCP 1663
Damocrates, Damocratis †
Servilius Damocrates (mid- to late 1st c. CE), Greek physician in Rome
Day *
William Daye (c. 1597 - ?), surgeon in Oxford; matriculated as Chirurgus ("licentiate in chirurgery") 1635, aged 38
Deusingius *
Anton Deusing (1612 - 1666), German physician, mathematician, astonomer, and physiologist; Latinized as Antonius Deusingius; first professor of Medicine at Groning
Dickenson *
Edmund Dickinson (1621 - 1707), English physician and alchemist, MD Oxford 1656; practiced in Oxford beginning around 1663 until around 1675; physician-in-ordinary to Charles II and James II
Diembrochius *
likely Ysbrand van Diemerbroek (1609 - 1674), Dutch physician and anatomist, Latinized as Diemerbroekius; mentioned by Ramazzini (pioneer in occupational medicine, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba, 1700 )
Digby *
Sir Kenelm Digby (1603 - 1665), English natural philosopher; one of Bodley's collaborators in founding the Library, among many other accomplishments
Diodorus (or Diodoris) *
Likely Diodorus Siculus, fl. 1st c. BCE, Greek historian; his book on Egypt included the inscription of Ramesses II which was likely Shelley's inspiration for the poem "Ozymandias"
Dioscorides *
Pedanius Dioscorides (c. 40 - 90), Greek philosopher though he served in the Roman army as a physician; author of De materia medica, an early pharmacopoiea
Dodonaeus *
Rembert Dodoens (1517 - 1585), Flemish physician and botanist, Latinized as Rembertus Dodonaeus; the "father of botany;" his name is written as "Dodoens" in botanical references
Donzellinus *
Girolamo Donzellini or Donzellino (c. 1513 - 1587), Italian (Venetian) physician; Latinized as Hieronymus Donzellinus; several trials for heresy; finally executed by drowning by the Venetian Inquisition for reading Lutheran books
Doringius *
Michael Döring (15?? - 1644), German physician and Paracelcist; Latinized as Doringius; brother-in-law of Sennert
Drake *
Roger Drake (1608 - 1669) English physician and clergyman, MD Leiden 1639; advocate of Harvey, for which he was attacked by Primrose (q.v.); resigned his candidacy to the College of Physicians in 1646 to enter the clergy
Duchesne *
see du Chesne, above

E

Eedes *
uncertain; possibly Francis Eedes (? - 1683), MD Oxford 1674; however, JW describes him as an apothecary
Edmund, Earl of Derby *
English nobleman but precise identification uncertain; JW notes that he died in Queen Elizabeth's day and that he was famous for "chirurgerie, bonesetting, and hospitalitie;" possibilities by dates include Edward Stanley (c. 1508 - 1572), third Earl; Henry Stanley (1531 - 1572) , fourth Earl, about whom the DNB says that he invited "actors, poets, heralds, and wrestlers" to his home and that he was known as a spendthrift; and Ferdinando Stanley (1559 - 1594), fifth Earl and patron of Shakespeare, also known as Lord Strange
Edwards, Dr. *
Richard Edwards (? - ?), practitioner at Bridgnorth in Shropshire, Extra-Licentiate of the RCP 1662
Elyot *
possibly Sir Thomas Elyot (c. 1490 - 1546), English humanist and dipolomat; author of Castel of Helth, a summary in English of Galen and other ancient physicians, and The Boke Named the Governour
Ent *
Sir George Ent (1604 - 1689), English physician, MD Padua 1636; friend and promoter of W. Harvey; one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society; married to Sarah, daughter of Othowell Meverell
Epiphanius Ferdinandus *
Epiphanius Ferdinandi (1569 - 1638), Italian physician and medical writer
Erasmus *
Desiderius Erasmus (1466 - 1536), styled Roterodamus (of Rotterdam), Dutch philosopher and theologian; in England 1499, Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity at Cambridge, 1511 - 15
Eudemi †
Eudemus of Rhodes (c. 370 - c. 300 BCE), Greek philosopher and first historian of science, pupil of Aristotle

F

Fabricius *†
see Hieronymus Fabricius Aquapendente, below
Fallop., Fallopius *†
Gabriele Falloppio (1523 - 1562), Italian anatomist, physician, and Catholic priest, Latinized as Gabrielis Falloppius; the Fallopian tube, canal, and ligament are named after him
ffarnham *
Nicholas Farnham (d. 1257), English physician; studied medicine at Paris and taught at Bologna and Oxford; physician and confessor to King Henry III and Queen Eleanor; elected Bishop of Durham 1241
Favent., Faventini, Faventinus †
Benedetto Vettori, (1481 - 1561), Italian physician and philosopher, Latinized as Benedictus Victorius Faventinus (Benedetto Vettori of Faenza); author of Consilia medicinalia ad varia morborum genera
Fern., Fernel., Fernelius, Fernelianus *†
Jean François Fernel (1497 - 1558), French physician. Latinized as Ioannes Fernelius; introduced the term "physiology;" author of Universa medicina (another book with the same title was written by Bartholomeus Perdulcis)
Fienus †
Thomas Fyens or Feyens (1567 - 1631), French physician and surgeon, Latinized as Fienus; professor of medicine at Louvain; studied with Dodoens and Foreest at Leiden and Mercurialis at Bologna
Flexon *
a Mr. Flexon was JW's barber; no dates or other information on him
Foesi, Foesius †
Anuce Foës (1528 - 1595), French humanist, Hellenist, and philologist; Latinized as Anutius Foësius
Fons., Fonsec., Fonseca, Roderici Fonsecae †
Juan Rodriguez de Fonseca (1451 - 1524), Spanish archbishop, courtier, and bureaucrat; Latinized as Rodericus Fonseca; managed the administration of Columbus's and Magellan's voyages
Forest *†
Pieter van Foreest (1521 - 1597), Dutch physician; Latinized as Petrus Forestus; the "Dutch Hippocrates"
Fox *
Simeon Fox (1568 - 1642), MD Padua; multiple offices of the RCP, including Censor, Registrar, and Treasurer; son of John Foxe of Foxe's Book of Martyrs; taught Dr. Wright (q.v.)
Fracastorii, Fracastorius *†
Girolamo Fracastori (1483 - 1553), Italian physician, poet, and scholar, Latinized as Fracastorius; the name of the disease "syphilis" is from his poem Syphilis sive morbus gallicus
Frazier *
Sir Alexander Frazier (or Frasier) (1610? - 1681), Scottish physician; physician to Charles II; unsuccessfully treated Mary, Princess of Orange, James, Duke of Cambridge, and Charles, Duke of Kendal for smallpox; mentioned several times by Pepys
Freitag *
either Johann Freitag or (1587 - 1654), Swiss physician; discoverer of capsular cataract and attempted its extraction; or Johann Freitag (Freytag) (1581 - 1641), German physician, personal physician to Prince-Bishop Philipp Sigismund von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and professor at Groningen
Fry *
Roger Fry (? - ?), Oxford surgeon; his will was proved in the Court of the Chancellor of the University, 1 September 1672; "Anatomist of the University" according to James Yonge (1646/7 - 1721), naval surgeon

G

Gabriellis
see Fallopius
Galen., Galeni., Galeno, Galenum, Galenus *†
Aelius or Claudius Galenus (of Pergamon) (129 - c. 200), Greek physician, surgeon, and philosopher; first to evaluate the pulse as a diagnostic tool; one instance of "Gallenus" in V.a.398
Gellius *
Aulus Gellius (c. 125 - 180), Roman author and grammarian; his only known work is Noctes Atticae (Attic Nights), which was a commonplace book of "interesting notes covering philosophy, history, biography, all sorts of antiquities, points of law, literary criticism, and lexicographic matters, explanations of old words and questions of grammar" (Loeb Classical Library). Something like JW's diaries.
Gemma *
Cornelio Gemma (1535 - 1578), Belgian physician, astronomer, and astrologer, Latinized as Cornelius Gemma; professor of medicine at Leuven
Gerardus *
John Gerard (c. 1545 - 1612), English herbalist and botanist, and barber-surgeon, Latinized as Gerardus; author of The Herball Or General History of Plants, though there was (and is) controversy whether the book was partially plagiarized from Dodoens (see Dodonaeus, above)
Gesnerus *†
Conrad Gessner (1516 - 1565), Swiss physician, naturalist, bibliographer, and philologist, Latinized as Gesnerus or Gesnerus maius ("the greater"); prolific author of Bibliotheca universalis (1545) and Historia animalium (1551-58), among many others
Gheselii, Gheselius †
uncertain but possibly Johannes Gheselius (1613 - 1650), Swiss physician
Gilberti Angli, Gilbertus Anglicus *†
Gilbert of England or Gilbertinus (c. 1180 - c. 1250), medieval English physician, Latinized as Gilbertus Anglicus; author of Compendium Medicinae (c. 1230 - 50), a most influential book; mentioned by Chaucer as being among the great physicians of all time (Canterbury Tales, general prologue, ll. 429 - 434: "Wel knew he the olde Esculapius, ...Bernard, and Gatesden, and Gilbertyn")
Glanvill *
Joseph Glanvill (1636 - 1680), English clergyman, philosopher, and writer; Author of A Philosophical Endeavour towards the Defense of the being of Witches and Apparitions (1666) and Plus ultra, or, The Progress and Advancement of Knowledge since the Days of Aristotle (1668)
Glauber *
Johann Rudolf Glauber (1604 - 1670), German-Dutch alchemist, chemist, and apothecary; "Glauber's salt" is sodium sulfate, still in use as a mild laxative and in dyeing
Glissonius, Glysson *
Francis Glisson (1597 - 1677), English physician and anatomist; early work on rickets; classic work on liver anatomy, Anatomia hepatis, 1654; performed the operation for stone on the Earl of Shaftesbury (see Jeamson, below); remained in London to serve during the plague and survived
Goodyer *
John Goodyer (1592 - 1664), English botanist and herbalist; assisted Th. Johnson with a revised and corrected edition of Gerard's 1597 Herball
Gordonii, Gordonio, Gordonius *†
Bernard de Gordon (1285 - 1318), French physician and professor of medicine at Montpellier, Latinized as Gordonius or Bernardus Gordonensis; author of Lilium medicinae; also mentioned by Chaucer (as "Bernard," see Gilbertus Anglicus, above)
Greatrakes, Greatrates, Gretorex *
Valentine Greatrakes (1628 - 1666), Irish faith healer; known as "The Stroker" because of his technique of the laying on of hands for cures, at which he seems to have been extraordinarily successful
Grevinus *
Jacques Grévin (1538 - 1570), French playwright, also trained in medicine in Paris, Latinized as Iacobus Grevinus; some medical writings including Anatomes totius (1564)
Grulingius *
Philip Grüling (1594 - 1667), German physician; Latinized as Philippus Grulingius; author of Florilegium Hippocrateo-Galeno Chemicum Novum (1665)
Guidott *
Thomas Guidott (1638 - 1706); English physician, writer, and antiquarian; MD Oxford; documented the mineral properties of the water from the hot springs at Bath
Guiffartus *
Pierre Guiffart (1597 - 1658), Belgian physician and author, Latinized as Petrus Guiffartus Vallonianus (from Wallonia); books include Remarques considérables sur la connaisance et la guérison de l'hydropsie (1658) and Dissertatio medica utrum chylus vel sanguis sit proxima lactis materia (1652)

H

Haly *†
'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi, or al-Masoudi (930 - 994); Persian physician, Latinized as Haly Abbas; for "pulvis Haly" see "John Ward's Latin" on Folgerpedia
Hartlib *
Samuel Hartlib (c. 1600 - 1662), German-English educational reformer, writer, polymath, and "intelligencer," set out to record all human knowledge and make it available to everone; facsimile images and transcriptions of his papers at the Digital Humanities Research Institute at the University of Sheffield: https://www.dhi.ac.uk/hartlib/
Hartmann *
most likely Johannes Hartmann (1568 - 1631), German chemist and physician; professor of medical and pharmaceutical chemistry at at Marburg (1609)
Harvey *
William Harvey (1578 - 1657), English physician and discoverer of the circulation of the blood, author of De motu cordis (1628); BA Oxford 1597, and MD Padua 1602 where he studied with Fabricius (see below under Hieronymus Fabricius)
Henricus ab Heer *
Henri de Heer (1570 - 1636), Belgian physician, Latinized as Henricus ab Heer; author of Observationes medicae (1630) and Spadacrene, hoc est fons Spadanus accuratissime descriptus (1645), reporting the qualities of the mineral water at Spa
Henshaw, Dr. *
possibly Nathaniel Henshaw (bapt. 1628 - 1673), English physician; MD Leiden 1664, practiced in Dublin and London; one of the first members of the Royal Society; an acquaintance of Robert Boyle
Hermes Trismegistus *
"Hermes the Thrice Greatest," in Latin "Hermes ter Maximus," legendary Hellenistic figure, purported author of Hermetica, popular among alchemists
Heylin, Hylin, Heylyn *
Peter Heylyn (1599 - 1662), English ecclesiastic and prolific author of historical, political, and theological works; author of Cosmographie (1652); Chaplain to Charles I; anti-Puritan
Hieronymus Fabricius Aquapendente
Girolamo Fabrici d'Acquapendente (1537 - 1619), Italian anatomist and surgeon, Latinized as Hieronymus Fabricius ab Aquapendente; "father of embryology;" Acquapendente is a small town in the province of Viterbo
Highmore *
Nathaniel Highmore (1613 - 1685), English anatomist and chemical physician; author of Corporis humani disquisitio anatomica (1651), which contained the first description of the maxillary sinus (antrum); referred to by Harvey as "my learned friend"
Hildanus *
Wilhelm Fabry (1560 - 1634), first scientific German surgeon, the "father of German surgery," Latinized as Guilelmus Fabricius Hildanus (from Hilden) or Fabricius von Hilden; author of Observationum et Curationum Chirurgicarum Centuriae (1641, posthumously), with case records and accounts of new instruments and techniques
Hippocrates, Hyppocrates *†
Hippocrates of Kos (c. 460 - c. 370 BCE), Greek physician and one of the most famous and influential physicians in the history of medicine; the Hippocratic Corpus of approximately seventy works is attributed to him, including the Hippocratic Oath
Hobbes *
Thomas Hobbes (1588 - 1679), English philosopher, one of the founders of modern political philosophy; author of Leviathan (1651); JW met him on a trip through the eastern Midlands
Hodges *
Nathaniel Hodges (1629 - 1688), English physician; remained in London during the plague, of which he wrote a valuable account: Loimologia, sive, Pestis nuperae apud populum Londinensem grassantis narratio historica (1665); in it he notes Glisson's service during the plague
Hollerius *†
Jacques Houiller (c. 1498 - 1562), French physician; Latinized as Iacobus Hollerius Stampani (i.e., from Étampes); MD Paris 1536, later professor of medicine and Dean of the medical school; author of De morborum internorum curatione (1572)
Hollier, Hollyer, Holyard *
Thomas Hollier (bapt. 1609 - 1690), English surgeon, apprenticed under "Molins;" see Molines, below; the porter at St. Thomas' told JW that Hollier had cut thirty for (bladder) stone; the patients included Pepys, on 26 March 1658
Hook *
Robert Hooke (1635 - 1703), English natural philosopher, microscopist and polymath; scientific assistant to Willis and Boyle; curator of experiments to the Royal Society; first to visualize a microorganism; author of Micrographia; arrived at Christ Church, Oxford, in 1553, the year after JW received his MA degree
van Horne *
Johannes Van Horne (1621 - 1670), Dutch physician and anatomist, Latinized as Hornius; author of Microcosmus, an influential and popular introduction to human anatomy; friend of Th. Bartholin
Hortensius *
Louis du Gardin (15?? - 1633), French physician; Latinized as Ludovicus Hortensius; spelled "Hottensius" by JW, V.a.287, 16r
Hugh of Evesham *
English physician and cardinal (d. 1287); medical alchemist; king's clerk to Edward I
Hurn., Hurnius *†
Jan van Heurne (1543 - 1601), Dutch physician and natural philosopher; Latinized as Johannes Heurnius; professor of medicine at Leiden; wrote a commentary on Hippocrates' aphorisms
Hyde *
James Hyde (1617 - 1681), English physician; Regius Professor of Medicine, Oxford 1665 - 81

I - J

Jackson *
Samuel Jackson (1614 - 1674/5), English physician; expelled from Oxford 1642 for fighting on the side of the Royalists; reinstated 1660, MD 1671
Jeamson *
Thomas Jeamson (? - ?), surgeon; reported to JW on Glisson's famous operation on Lord Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury; Ent, Sydenham, and others were consulted; no indication that Jeamson was directly involved in the case, however; detailed notes and account of the case made by John Locke
Iohnson, Iohnston, Ionston, Iohnsonus *
Jan Jonston, (1603 - 75), Polish scholar, physician, botanist, and prolific writer; Latinized as Jo(h)annes Jonstonus; MA St. Andrews, MD Leiden and Cambridge; JW frequently quotes his Idea universae medicinae practicae (1625 - 28, translated into English 1652)
Johnson *
William Johnson (? - 1665-6) apothecary and chemist for the RCP; stayed in London during the plague and perished
Iolivus *
George Joyliffe (1621 - 1658), English anatomoist and physician; Latinized as Iolivius or Jolivius, student and friend of Glisson; discovered the lymphatics of the liver and one of three (Rudbeck, Bartholine, and Joyliffe) to have discovered the lymphatic system at more or less the same time
Jorden *
Edward Jorden (d. 1632), English physician and chemist, MD Padua 1591; rejected the supernatural as a cause in nature; argued unsuccessfully at a witchcraft trial (1602) of a Mary Glover that her symptoms were natural and not supernatural

K

Kepler *
Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630), German astronomer, mathematician, natural philosopher and prolific author, Latinized as Keplerus; devised laws of planetary motion; described the supernova of 1604; author of Epitome Astronomiae Copernicae (3 vol., 1615 - 21) covering all the fundamentals of heliocentric astronomy
Kircher *
Athanasius Kircher (1602 - 1680), German Jesuit scholar and polymath; after observations with his microscope proposed that plague was caused by infectious microorganisms (1646); proposed anti-infection measures such as isolation, quarantine, and wearing facemasks

L

Lamphire *
John Lamphire (1614 - 1688), English physician; practiced in Oxford; Camden Professor of Ancient History; Head of New Inn Hall and Hart Hall (later Hertford College, Oxford); physician to Anthony Wood (q.v.)
Langii, Langius †
uncertain; likely Johann Lange (1485 - 1565), Silesian physician and opponent of uroscopy; or possibly Johann Christian Lange (1619 - 1662)
Laurentius *
André du Laurens (1558 - 1609), French physician and anatomist; Latinized as Andreas Laurentius; physician to King Henry IV of France; author of Historia anatomica humani corporis (1600)
Leplignius, Lepleignius *†
Thibault Lespleigney (1496 - 1550), French apothecary; author of De usu pharmaceutices (1543), one of the earliest pharmacological books, with around 250 receipts; name misspelled by Slee as "Lepleingius," V.a.398, p. 75 col. 2
Libavius *
Andreas Libau (c. 1550 - 1616), German physician and alchemist; Latinized as Libavius; MA Jena 1581, MD Basel 1588; primarily remembered as alchemist through his Alchemia (1597), which can be seen as an early chemistry textbook
Liddelius *
Duncan Liddel or Liddell (1561 - 1613), Scottish physician, mathematician, and astronomer; Latinized as Liddelius; primarily known for mathematics and astronomy but was also author of medical books, e.g., Ars medica (1607) and De febribus (1610)
Locke *
John Locke (1632 - 1704), English philosopher, but also natural philosopher and physician; MB Oxford 1675; trained under and practiced with Sydenham; documented Shaftesbury's surgery, see Jeamson, above
Louel, Lovell *
Robert Lovell (1630? - 1690), English naturalist; author of Pambotanologia, a pharmacopoeia-herbal (1659); practiced physic in Coventry; at Christ Church as student 1648 - 53, contemporary with JW
Lower *†
Richard ("Dick") Lower (1631 - 1691), English physician and physiologist; FRS; royal physician 1675 though his fortunes suffered during James II because of his protestant views; in V.a.398 he is only mentioned as "Dr. Lower" at the beginning on f. 2r, and in a hand different from Slee's
Ludovicus Septalius *
Ludovico Settala (1552 - 1633), Italian physician, translator, prolific author, and academic, MD Pavia 1571; Latinized as Ludovicus Septalius
Lydall *
Richard Lydal or Lydall (c. 1620 - 1704), English physician; MD Oxford 1657, warden of Merton College 1693 - 1704
Lypiat *
Martin Lypiat, Lipyeatt, or Lypiatt (fl. early to mid-17th c.), Oxford apothecary who lived "against S. Marie's church" (noted by Anthony Wood) at 101 High St.; "Lypiat's pills" contained musk and ambergris

M

Iacobi de Manlis †
Giovanni Giacomo (da) Manlio or de Bosco (fl. late 15th - mid 16th c.), Italian apothecary, Latinized as Ioannes Iacobus (de) Manliis or Manlius; author of Luminare maius (1490), the first pharmaceutical manual on the preparation of herbal remedies, oils, syrups, pills, and unguents
Maplet *
John Maplett (c. 1611 - 1670), English physician; MD Oxford 1647, practiced at Bath and Bristol
Massaria *
Alessandro Massaria (1510 - 1598), Italian physician and physicist; professor of medicine at Padua, wrote a textbook on pathology; Galenist; stated that it was better to err with Galen than to maintain the right with the moderns
Matheus de Gradi †
Giovanni Matteo Ferrari de Gradi (d. 1472), Italian physician, professor of medicine at Pavia (1432 - 72)
Matthioli, Matthiolum, Matthiolus †
Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501 - 77), Italian physician and naturalist; Latinized as Matthiolus; translator of Dioscorides' De materia medica (1544); made the first report of a case of allergy to cats
May *
Edward May (fl. mid-17th c.), "Doctor of Philosophy and Physick, and professor Elect of them, in the Colledge of the Academy of Noble-men, called the Musaeum Minearvae: Physitian also extraordinary unto her most Sacred Majesty, Queene of great Brittany, &c."; not mentioned by JW by name; see under Novum lumen, below; there is no likely candidate in the Alumni Oxonienses or Alumni Cantabrigienses
Mayo *
John Mayow (bapt. 1641 - 1679) "of All Souls," English physiologist and chemist; author of Tractatus quinque medico-physici (1674); had a medical practice in Bath despite not having taken a medical degree (like JW)
Mercurialis *†
Girolamo Mercuriali (1530 - 1606), Italian philologist and physician, Latinized as Mercurialis; prolific author, especially about the plague in Venice (De pestilentia, 1577); which as a member of a medical advisory board he mishandled by recommending against quarantines
Mes., Mesue (one instance of "Messue") *†
Yuhanna Ibn Masawaiyh (c. 777 - 857), Persian physician, called Mesue "the Elder," director of a Baghdad hospital and personal physicians to four caliphs, wrote the first systematic treatise on ophthalmology; also possible and more likely because of the many receipts quoted by Slee, Yahya ibn Masawaih al-Mardini, called Mesue "the Younger" (d. 1015), Assyrian physician and possibly a pupil of Avicenna, author of a pharmacopoeia and a treatise on purgatives and emetics, De medicinis laxativis
Mercatus *
Luis (de) Mercado (1525 - 1611), Spanish physician, author, and hygienist, Latinized as Mercatus; physician to Philip II of Spain, and possibly the subject of El Greco's Retrato de un médico (c. 1582 - 85)
Merret *
Christoper Merret or Merrett (1614 - 93), English physician, MD Oxford, naturalist and scientist; first to document adding sugar for production of sparkling wine in 1662; author of The Art of Glass and Pinax Rerum Naturalium Britannicarum, one of the first lists of the flora, fauna, and minerals of England
Meverell, Meverill *†
Othowell Meverall (1585 - 1648), English physician; MD Leiden 1613; Reader of anatomical lectures and director of dissections for the Barber-Surgeon's Company from 1637
Millington *
Sir Thomas Millington (1628 - 1703/4), English physician; MD Oxford 1659; attended final illness of Charles II, Physician-in-ordinary to William III and Queen Anne
Mnesitheus Atheniensis *
Mnesithenus of Athens (fl. 4th c. BCE), Greek physician; wrote a treatise on diet and also one On Tippling, quoted by Athenaeus: "Mnesitheus said that the gods had revealed wine to mortals, to be the greatest blessing for those who use it aright, but for those who use it without measure, the reverse"
Modesy
see Robert Morison, below
Molines *
likely either Edward Molines (Moleyns, Mullins) (d. 1663), surgeon at St. Thomas's, London; or James Molines, his son (1628 - 86), MD Oxxford 1681, also surgeon at St. Thomas' Hospital jointly with Hollier, and surgeon-in-ordinary to Charles II and James II
Montagnana †
Bartolomeo da Montagnana (d. 1460), Italian physician, professor of medicine at Padua
Montaigne *
Michel de Montaigne (1533 - 1592), French philosopher, author, and statesman
Montanus *†
Giovanni Battista Monte or Gian Battista da Monte (1498 - 1551), Italian physician, Latinized as Johannes Baptista Montanus; promoted revival of Greek and Islamic texts, with revisions of Galen, Rhasis, and Avicenna; established the first permanent anatomic theater, where Vesalus, Fallopius, and Fabricius studied; introduced clinical medicine into the curriculum
Morellus *
probably Pierre Morel (fl. late 17th c.), French apothecary, Latinized as Petrus Morellus; author of a book of receipts, Methodus praescribendi formulas remediorum elegantissima (1645)
Morgan *
Edward (Ned) Morgan (c. 1619 - c. 1685), English or Welsh herbalist, director of the Westminster Physic Garden (later the Chelsea Physic Garden), est. c. 1657
Morison *
Robert Morison (1620 - 1683), Scottish physician, botanist and taxonomist; developed the first systematic classification of plants; physician and botanist to Charles II and supervisor of the royal gardens; was director of the royal gardens at Blois for ten years; he is also referred to by JW as Dr. Modessey, Modesie, Modesay, or Modesy, said to be an approximation of the French pronunciation of his name
Moseley *
possibly Humphrey Moseley (d. 1661), London publisher and bookseller; books included the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio, also Sir Francis Bacon and alchemical works including Robert Fludd
du Moulin *
possibly James (or Jaques) du Molins, du Moulin, or Molines, FRS (1628 - 86); surgeon to the household of Charles II and to the person of James II; trepanned the Duke of York, later James II, without killing him; or Lewis du Moulin (1603 - 80), French physican and religious controversialist, practiced in London
Musa †
Antonius Musa (fl. 23), Greek botanist and physician to Emperor Augustus

N

Nardus *
Giovanni Nardi (1585 - 1654), Italian physician, Latinized as Nardus; friend of Harvey
Needham *
Marchamont Nedham (1620 - 1678), English journalist, publisher, and pampleteer; anti-Galenist; JW identifies him as the author of Medela medicinae, A Plea for the Free Profession, and a Renovation of the Art of Physick, 1665
Needham *
Casper (or Jasper) Needham (1622 - 1679), English physician; MD Cambridge 1657, an early FRS
Needham *
Walter Needham (bap. 1632 - d. 1691), highly regarded English physician and anatomist, FRS; Sydenham was an admirer; wrote Disquisitio anatomica de formato foetu (1667) on the anatomy and physiology of the human fetus
Nicol., Nicolai †
Nicola Deoprepio, a.k.a. Niccolò da Reggio (1280 - ?), Italian physician, scientist, and translator; on faculty at Salerno; translator of Aristotle and Galen
Novum lumen *
not a person, but a book, mentioned by JW in V.a.287, 44r; an EEBO search yields either Novum lumen chymicum by Michał Sędziwój (1566 - 1636, see Sendivogius, below); or Novum lumen medicum (1662) by Joachim Poleman after the system of van Helmont. The quotations from the book as given by JW are as follows: "That part of the sperme which truly conduces to the making of man (as novum Lumen) says, canne bee no greater att first .. then the 8200th part of a graine of wheat/ That of Aristotle is provable, that the 40th day after Conception, homo formica non major." Neither appears in the English translation of Sendivogius nor in Poleman; they appears to come instead from A Most Certaine and True Relation of a Strange Monster Serpent Found in the left Ventricle of the heart of Iohn Pennant (1639) by Edward May, "Doctor of Philosophy and Physick," etc.: "it can be no greater at first moment of conception, then in proportion to the 8200 part of a grain of wheate;" and "that the fortieth day after conception, homo formica non major," which appears directly after the "8200" quotation in May.

O

Octavianus Roboretus *
Ottaviano Roboreto or Rovereti (fl. late 16th c.), Italian physician and philosopyer, MD Padua; Latinized as Octavianus Roboretus; styled either "da Trento" (the city) or "da Trentino" (the region); author of De peticulari febre
Orbasius *
Oribasius or Oreibasius (c. 320 - 404), Greek medical writer and personal physician to Emperor Julian; wrote two collections (Collectiones medicae) of excerpts of earlier writers, a collection of excerpts from Galen
Owen *
a contemporary of JW's at Christ Church; the only likely candidate in Alumni Oxonienses is George Owen (d. 1690), matric. February 1650/1, BA Merton College March 1650/1, MA Christ Church 1656, Archdeacon of St. David's, Pembrokeshire

P

Paedomontanus *
probably Girolamo Ruscelli (1500 - 1566), Italian mathematician and cartographer, pseudonym Alessio Piemontese, Latinized as Alexius Pedemontanus; author of The Book of Secrets of Alexis of Piedmont, which features in "The book thief," Heather Wolfe's 9 December 2021 post in The Collation (https://collation.folger.edu)
Palmarii, Palmarius *†
Pierre le Palmier or Paulmier, (1568 - 1610), French physician, Latinized as Petrus Palmarius; author of Lapis Philosophicus Dogmaticorum, 1608, which attacked Paracelsus and supported the older medicine and pharmacy
Papinius *
uncertain, possibly Ambrosius Papen (fl. mid-late 16th c.); Papenius and Guiffartus are described by JW as "Medici praestantissimi" in V.a.287, 79r; this Papen is listed in J. H. Baas' Outlines of the History of Medicine as the author of a book on midwifery; there is a Papinius listed in the Catalogue of the Library of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (vol. 3, 1853) under discovery and controversies on the circulation of the blood
Paracelsus *†
(Philippus Aureolus) Theophrastus (Bombastus) von Hohenheim (1493 - 1541), Swiss physician, alchemist, and philosopher; "father of toxicology;" Paracelsianism is the early modern medical movement inspired by him, which values clinical observation in conjunction with received wisdom
Park., Parkinson *
John Parkinson (1567 - 1650), English apothecary, herbalist, and botanist; apothecary to James I and royal botanist to Charles I; author of Theatrum botanicum (1640), describing some 3800 plants, the most highly regarded botanical treatise of its time
Parry, Paraeus (a Chirurgion) *
Ambroise Paré (1510 - 1590), French barber-surgeon, Latinized as Paraeus; served as surgeon to Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III; one of the fathers of modern surgery and forensic pathology; pioneer in surgical techniques and wound care
Peachi *
John Peachi or Peachie (fl. late 17th c.) MD Caen, Extra-Licentiate of RCP 1683; apparently not the same person as John Pechey (1654 - 1718), RCP 1684, see DNB
Pequet, Pecquett *
Jean Pecquet (1622 - 74) of Dieppe, French anatomist and physiologist, Latinized as Pecquetus; MD and professor at Montpellier; discoverer of the cisterna chyli or reservoir of Pecquet
Petrus Severinus *
Peder Sørensen (1542 - 1602), Danish physician, Latinized as Petrus Severinus; author of Idea medicinae philosophicae (1571), which asserted that Paracelsus' ideas were superior to those of Galen and of the concept of the four humors
Phavorinus *
Giuseppe Favorino de' Clavari (fl. early 16th c.), Italian physician, Latinized as Josephus Phavorinus a Clavariis; author, inter alia, of Medicarum Exertitationum (1594)
Philonium †
not a person per se but an electuary, possibly referring to Johann Philonius Dugo Tilianus (d. 1553) or Philo of Tarsus (fl. 1c)
Platerus *
Felix Platter (1536 - 1614), Swiss physician, Latinized as Platerus; MD Montpellier 1557, professor at Basel; known for classification of psychiatric diseases and first description of an intracranial tumor
Plinius *
Gaius Plinius Secundus or Pliny the Elder (c. 23/24 - 79), Roman author and naturalist, military leader, and friend of Emperor Vespasian; wrote the Naturalis historia, by some considered to be the first encyclopedia
Plot *
Robert Plot (1640 - 96) "of Magdalen Hall," Oxford, English naturalist; first Professor of Chemistry at Oxford, first keeper of the Ashmolean Museum
Primiros., Primirosius *†
James Primrose or Primerose (d. 1659), English physycian, Latinized as Primirosius; defender of Galen and opposed to Harvey's theory of blood circulation; described by Haller as "contensiosus veterum defensor"
Prujean *
Sir Francis Prujean or Pridgeon (c.1593 - 1666), English physician; MD Cambridge 1625; cured Queen Catherine of typhus, 1663; President of the RCP 1650 - 54
Prideaux *
likely John Prideaux or Prydeaux (1578 - 1650), DD Exeter College, Oxford, 1612; Regius Professor of Divinity (1615 - 42), Christ Church

Q

Quaercitanus, Quercitani, Quercitanus *†
Quercetanus = Joseph du Chesne (q. v.), Latinized as Iosephus Quercetanus
Quercetanus Redivivus *
"Quercetanus Alive Again," not a person but a book of du Chesne's writings published posthumously (1648) and apparently compiled or edited by Schröder

R

Radulph. Holland.
Radulphus Holandicus (? - ?); appears only in "Pulv. Radulph. Holland." on p. 43 c. 2, and in J. Quincy, Pharmacopoia Officinalis & Extemporanea (1742) mentioning a "Pulvis Radulphi Holandicus from its first Contriver"
Dr. Reade
Alexander Read (1586? - 1641)
Renod., Renodaeus, Renodeus
Jean de Renou (1568 - c. 1620)
Rhacis, Rhasis
Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, Latinized as Rhazes or Rasis (854 - 925)
Rondolet
Guillaume Rondelet (1507 - 1566)
Ruffi
Rufus of Ephesus (fl. late 1st - early 2nd c.); only as "pilulae Ruffi," Rufus' pills
Ruland., Rulandi, (Martinus) Rulandus
Martin Ruland; either the Elder (1532 - 1602) or the Younger (1569 - 1611)
Sala, Angelus
Angelo Sala (1576 - 1617)
Saxon.
Ercole Sassonia, Latinized as Hercules Saxonia (1551 - 1607)
Sennert. or Sinnert.
Daniel Sennert (1572 - 1637); also as Daniel Sinnert, or Latinized as Sinnertus
Siluius, Silvius
Francis Silvius (1416 - 72)
Trincavel, Trinchavel
Vettore Trincavella (1496 - 1568)
Valesco, Valescus, or Valescus de Tar(r)anta
Vasco, Velasco, or Valescus de Taranta (1382 - 1417)
Weck., Wecker, Weckerus (one instance of Vecker, p. 29)
Johannes Jacob Wecker (1528 - 1586)

Unidentified physicians and apothecaries

Alphons Ferrarius, p. 25 c. 2
possibly Alfonso Ferrarri (?) of Cremona; also "Ferrarius," ibid.
Dr Bar, p. 16 c. 3
Dr Baron, p. 19 c. 1
Dr. Betone, p. 19, c.2
Dr. Butcher Ipswicens (from Ipswich?), f. 1v
Dr. Collins, p. 48 c. 2
Euonimus, p. 77 c.2
Fienus, p. 18 c. 1
Gheselli, p. 60 c.2
Mo Goad, p. 48 c. 2
Dr. Goldsmith, p. 52 c. 1
Dr. Hale Chyrurgicus, p. 34 c. 2
Dr. Harvey, p. 87 c. 2
(possibly the William Harvey of De motu cordis fame (1578 - 1657))
Hast., Haust., p. 61 c. 1, p. 62 c. 1 & c. 3
Iohanni, p. 17 c. 1
Dr. Lister
(not the 19th c. pioneer of antisepsis), p. 19 c. 1
Dr. Lower, f. 2r
Radulph. Holland.
Radulphus Hollandicus (see above)
Dr. Reade, p. 33 c.2, p. 69 c. 1
(likely the same as Alexander Read, above)
Roberto, p. 19 c. 2
("experto crede Roberto," = "trust Robert the Expert")
Saxonius, pp. 27, 30, 68
(scattered occurrences; likely in error for Saxonia)
Dr. Stephani, p.24 c.1
Dr. Stookes, p. 48 c. 1
Vraliano, p. 15 c. 3
Dr Walletus, p. 68 c. 2

Referred to by initials only

D. L., p.29
"Syr. Casselanus D. L."
Dr. L. p. 44, c. 2
Sir R. L S., f. 1r
Dr. W., p. 22 c. 1
R. W.
"Syr: Pectoralis R. W.," p. 27 c 1.

Other

Aug., August., Augustan., Augustana, Augustina
Pharmacopoeia Augustana; many editions, earliest 1573
Casselanus
from or related to the city of Kassel in Hesse