Bindings image collection

Browse Folger Shakespeare Library Bindings Image Collection

This database provides access to high resolution images and descriptions of bindings from the rare book and manuscript collections of the Folger Shakespeare Library. Bindings were chosen from the collection by Frank Mowery not only because of their decorative tooled elements but also for their physical features as functional objects and cultural artifacts.

Recording information about binding structure and decoration can reveal items where the same or similar tools may have been used at different times by different binders or binding workshops. Uncovering such similarities can also help link multiple bindings to individual owners, collectors, binders, or workshops --even in cases where a binder may be as yet unidentified --as well as to specific geographical regions or to specific time periods.

Users can show multiple images side-by-side, zoom in and out, view cataloging information when available, export thumbnails, and construct persistent URLs linking back to items or searches.

Search fields

Summary information

Image caption: a brief description of the photo, including call number

General description: a brief description of the binding

Binder: a named binder or bindery (when known)

Country/Style: a country of origin (or in some cases a geographically or nationally distinct style of binding)

Period: a date for the binding (in some cases indicated as a "ca." date, an "early", "mid", or "late" century, or a full century)

Bibliographical information

Call number: the designated shelf location for the bound volume

Provenance: a brief description of former owners, typically derived from the Hamnet bibliographic record (when available)

Author: an author's name for the first, second, or third item bound in (no more than the first three items in a Sammelband are described here)

Title: a title for the first, second, or third item bound in

Created/published: a place, publisher or creator name, and date for the first, second, or third item bound in

Hamnet URL: a hyperlink to the full online bibliographic description (when available)

Binding description

Dimensions: binding size in millimeters (height by width by thickness)

Covering material: a brief description of the material covering the boards and spine

Sewing: a brief description of the sewing structure of the text block and binding

Headbands: a brief description of the spine headbands and endbands

Edge treatment: a brief description of gilding, gauffering, fore-edge painting, etc. that might appear on the edges of the text block

End papers: a brief description of the paper, including identification of marbling techniques

Closures: a brief description of the presence (or evidence of former) clasps, ties, ribbons, etc.

Decorative description: a narrative description of significant details about the tooling, gilding, and other decorative elements present on the binding.

Technical description: a narrative description of significant structural details. Typically present in entries based on the Fine and Historic Bookbindings catalog.

Other details: may include biographical details, quotations from cited research, etc.

Binding terms (RBMS): a controlled vocabulary heading from Binding Terms: A Thesaurus for Use in Rare Book and Special Collections Cataloging

Literature: brief reference to published descriptions or research into the binding (see bibliography for full citations)

List of bindings resources

The Belgian-Dutch Society of Bookbinding

The British Armorial Bindings Database

Decorative bookbindings at the Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense

Decorative bookbindings at the Bibliothèque nationale de France

Blind-tooled bookbindings in the collections of the Bibliothèque Sainte-Genviève

Database of bookbindings at the British Library

Database of bookbindings at the Civica Biblioteca Bergamo

19th-century gold-stamped bindings at the Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University

15th-century print resources at the Consortium of European Research Libraries

German bindings rubbings at the Einbanddatenbank

German Publishers Bookbindings at the Howard W. Gunlocke Rare Book and Special Collections Room, Georgetown University

Bookbindings on Incunables in American Library Collections, by Scott Husby

Bookbinding terminology at the National Library of the Netherlands

19th-century cloth bindings at The Library Company

Ligatus Bookbinding Glossary

Incunable Bookbindings at The Morgan Library & Museum

Scottish Decorative Bookbinding at The National Library of Scotland

Swedish hand-pressed bindings at Probok

Database of bookbindings at Real Biblioteca, Madrid

Publishers' Bindings Online

16th - 19th-century British bookbindings at the University of Glasgow Special Collections

Fine leather bindings at the University of Miami

Broxbourne Library historic bookbindings at the Bodleian Library

Hand bookbindings at Special Collections, Princeton University Library

Bibliography for the Bindings Image Collection

Some database entries are accompanied by "Literature" fields, citing published descriptions or research into that particular binding.

The following list reproduces and adds to the bibliography from the 1992 catalog Fine and Historic Bookbindings, providing full citations for "Literature" notes and a list of titles for additional research. As part of our ongoing work, we plan to revise this bibliography to bring it up to the present, and would welcome additional literature recommendations.

For a list of chronological list of new titles published since 2008, see the Literatuur page at the website of the Belgisch-Nederlands Boekbandengenootschap.

Abbey, John Roland. English Bindings 1490-1940 in the Library of R. Abbey. ed. G. D. Hobson. London, 1940.

Abbey, John Roland. French and Italian Collectors and their Bindings, Illustrated from Examples in the Library of. R. Abbey. By A. R. A. Hobson. Oxford, 1953.

Analecta Reginensia 1. Queen Christina of Sweden Documents and Studies. ed. M. von Platen. Stockholm, 1966.

Barber, Giles. Bodleian Library Picture Books No. 12: Textile and Embroidered Bindings. Oxford, 1971.

Barber, Giles. "Brochure, cartonnage, reliure: the provisional protection of print in the later 18th century." Rousseau and the 18th Century: Essays in Memory of R. A. Leigh. The Voltaire Foundation, 1992.

Barber, Giles. "Continental Paper Wrappers and Publishers' Bindings in the 18th Century." The Book Collector 24 (Spring 1975): 37-49.

Barber, Giles. "L'évolution de la couverture imprimée." La bibliographie matérielle, prés. par Roger Laufer. Paris, 1983. 63-74.

Bayerische Staatsbibliothek. Bucheinbände aus elf Jahrhunderten. Ausgewählt und beschrieben von Ferdinand Geldner. Munich, 1959.

Bearman, Frederick A., Nati Krivatsy, J. Franklin Mowery. Fine and historic bookbindings from the Folger Shakespeare Library. Washington, 1992.

Beiträge zum Rollen- und Platteneinband im 16. Jahrhundert; Konrad Haebler zum 80. Geburtstage. Herausgegeben von Ilse Schunke. Leipzig, 1937 and Wiesbaden, 1969.

Bennett, Stuart. Trade Bookbinding in the British Isles 1660-1800. Newcastle, Delaware and London: Oak Knoll Press and the British Library, 2004.

Béraldi, Henri. Bibliothèque Henry Béraldi. 5 vols. Paris, 1934-1935.

Béraldi, Henri. La reliure du XIXe siècle. 4 vols. Paris, 1895-1897.

Bibliotheca Palatine. Katalog zur Ausstellung, Heiliggeistkirche Heidelberg. Hrsg. von Elmar Mittler. 2 vols. Heidelberg, 1986.

Binding terms: a thesaurus for use in rare book and special collections cataloguing. Prepared by the Committee of the Rare Book and Manuscript Section. Chicago, 1988.

Birley, Sir Robert. The History of Eton College Library. Eton, 1970.

Bodleian Library. Fine Bindings 1500-1700 from Oxford Libraries. Oxford, 1968.

Bookbinding & other bibliophily: essays in honour of Anthony Hobson. ed. Dennis Rhodes. Verona, 1994.

Bray, Stanley. Christie's (New York) Catalogue 7156: The Chevalier Collection of English Twentieth-Century Bookbindings. New York: November 9, 1990.

Breslauer, B. H. Count Heinrich IV zu Castell: a German Renaissance Book Collector and the Bindings Made for Him During His Student Years. Austin, 1987.

Breslauer, B. H. Historic & Artistic Bookbindings from the Bibliotheca Bibliographica Breslaueriana. Brussels, 1986.

British Museum. Early Stamped Bookbindings in the British Museum ... ed. W. H. James Weale and Lawrence Taylor. London, 1922.

Broomhead, Frank. The Zaehnsdorfs (1842-1947): Craft Bookbinders. Pinner, Middlesex, 1986.

Bryn Mawr College. Bookbinding in America 1680-1910: from the collection of Frederick E. Maser. With an essay by Willman Spawn. Bryn Mawr: Bryn Mawr College Library, 1983.

Clanchy, M. T. From Memory to Written Record. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1979; 2nd ed. Oxford: B. H. Blackwell, 1993.

Clarkson, Christopher. "The Conservation of Early Books in Codex Form." The Paper Conservator 3 (1978): 33-50.

Clarkson, Christopher. "Rediscovering Parchment: The Nature of the Beast." The Paper Conservator 16 (1992): 5-26.

Clarkson, Christopher. Limp Vellum Binding and Its Potential as a Conservation Type Structure for the Rebinding of Early Printed Books. Hitchin, Herts.: Red Gull Press, 1982.

Clement, David. Bibliothèque curieuse. 9 vols. Göttingen, 1750-1760.

Cockerell, Douglas. Bookbinding and the care of books: a textbook for bookbinders and librarians. London, 1901.

Craig, Maurice. Irish Bookbindings, 1600-1800. London, 1954.

Davenport, Cyril James Humphries. The Book; Its History and Development. New York, 1907.

Davenport, Cyril James Humphries. Cameo Book-stamps, Figured and Described. London, 1911.

Davenport, Cyril James Humphries. English Embroidered Bookbindings. London, 1899.

Davenport, Cyril James Humphries. Roger Payne. Chicago, 1929.

Davenport, Cyril James Humphries. Samuel Meame, Binder to King Charles II. Chicago, 1906.

De Bray, Dirk. A Short Instruction in the Binding of Books, c. 1658. Trans. H. S. Lake. Amsterdam, 1977.

De Hamel, C[hristopher] F. R. Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origin of the Paris Booktrade. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D. S. Brewer, 1984: 64-86.

De libris compactis miscellanea. ed. G. Colin. Aubel & Brussels, Studia Bibliothecae Wittockianae, 1: 1984.

Devauchelle, Roger. La reliure en France de ses origines à nos jours. 3 vols. Paris: J. Rousseau-Girard, 1959-61.

Devaux, Yves. Dix siècles de reliure. Paris: Editions Pygmalion, 1977; new ed. 1981.

Diehl, Edith. Bookbinding, its Background and Technique. 2 vols. New York, 1946.

Duby, Georges. The Age of the Cathedrals: Art and Society 980-1420. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.

Dudin, M. The Art of the Bookbinder and Gilder. Paris, 1772; reprinted in an English translation by the Elmete Press, Leeds, 1977.

Duff, Edward Gordon. A Century of the English Book Trade. London, 1905.

Easton, Phoebe Jane. Marbling; a History and a Bibliography. Los Angeles, 1983.

Ehrman, Albert. Broxboume Library. Styles and Designs of Bookbindings from the Twelfth to the Twentieth Century. Selected and Described by Howard M. Nixon. London, 1956.

Essays in Honour of Victor Scholderer. ed. Dennis E. Rhodes. Mainz, 1970.

Faust, Anshelmus. Prescription et enseignement de la discrète et fameuse science de la manifacture des relieurs des livres. Brussels, 1987.

Febvre, Lucien and Henri Jean Martin. L'apparition du livre. Paris, 1958. Available in an English translation as The Coming of the Book in various recent paperback editions.

Fletcher, William Younger. English Bookbindings in the British Museum. London, 1895.

Fletcher, William Younger. Foreign Bookbindings in the British Museum. London, 1896.

Flety, Julien. Dictionnaire des relieurs français ayant exercé de 1800 à nos jours. Paris, 1988.

Fogelmark, Staffan. Flemish and Related Panel-Stamped Bindings; Evidence and Principles. New York, 1990.

Foot, Mirjam M. Bookbinders at work: their roles and methods. London: British Library and Oak Knoll Press, 2006.

Foot, Mirjam M. "English Decorated Bookbindings." Book Production and Publishing in Britain, 1375-1475. ed. Jeremy Griffiths and Derek Pearsall. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Foot, Mirjam M. The Henry Davis Gift: a Collection of Bookbindings. 2 vols. London, 1978-1983.

Foot, Mirjam M. The history of bookbinding as a mirror of society. London: British Library, 1998.

Foot, Mirjam M. Studies in the History of Bookbinding. Aldershot: Scholar Press, 1993.

Forde, Helen. Domesday Preserved. London, 1986.

Foxon, David. "Stitched books," The Book Collector 24 (Spring 1975): 111-24.

Franck, Peter. A Lost Link in the Technique of Bookbinding and How I Found It. Gaylordsville, CT: Printed at Hawthorne House [privately printed], 1941.

Geldner, Ferdinand. "Unbekannte 'Fuggerbande', die Fuggerschen Supralibros und die anonymen Augsburger 'Fugger-Meister'." Archiv für Geschichte des Buchwesens Band V (1964): 1190-1226.

Gibson, Strickland. Early Oxford Bindings. Oxford, 1903.

Gid, Denise. Catalogue des reliures françaises estampées à froid, (XVe - XVIe siècle) de la Bibliothèque Mazarine. Paris, 1984.

Gies, Frances & Joseph. Cathedral, Forge, & Waterwheel. New York: HarperCollins, 1994.

Gimpel, Jean. The Medieval Machine: The Industrial Revolution of the Middle Ages. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977.

Goldschmidt, Ernst Philip. Gothic & Renaissance Bookbindings. 2 vols. London, 1928.

Gray, G. The Earlier Cambridge Stationers and Bookbinders. Oxford, 1904.

Greenfield, Jane. ABC of bookbinding: a unique glossary with over 700 illustrations for collectors and librarians. New Castle: Carlton, 2002.

Gruel, Léon. Manuel historique et bibliographique de l'amateur de reliures. 2 vols. Paris: Gruel & Englemann, 1887 and 1905.

Haebler, Konrad. Deutsche Bibliophilen des 16. Jahrhunderts: Die Fursten von Anhalt Ihre Bucher und Ihre Bucheinbande. Leipzig, 1923.

Haebler, Konrad. Rollen- und plattenstempel des XVI. jahrhunderts. Unter mitwirkung von Dr. Ilse Schunke. Leipzig, 1928-1929 and Nendeln, 1968.

Haemmerle, Albert. Buntpapier. Munich, 1961.

Haldane, Duncan. Islamic Bookbindings in the Victoria and Albert Museum. London, 1983.

Harrop, Dorothy A. "Roger Powell (Craft Binders at Work III)." The Book Collector 22: 4 (1973): 479-486.

Hellinga, Lotte. "Peter Schoeffer and the Book-Trade in Mainz: Evidence for the Organization." Bookbindings & Other Bibliophily: Essays in honour of Anthony Hobson. ed. Dennis E. Rhodes. Verona: Edizioni Valdonega, 1994: 131-184.

Helwig, Hellmuth. Handbuch der Einbandkunde. 2 vols. Hamburg, 1953-1954.

The history of bookbinding 525- 1950 A.D.; an exhibition held at the Baltimore Museum of Art, Nov. 12 1957 to Jan. 12 1958. Introd. Dorothy Miner. Baltimore, 1957.

Hobson, Anthony. Apollo and Pegasus: an Enquiry into the Formation and Dispersal of a Renaissance Library. Amsterdam, 1975.

Hobson, Anthony. Humanists and bookbinders: the origins and diffusion of the humanistic bookbinding 1459-1559, with a census of historiated plaquette and medallion bindings. Cambridge, 1989.

Hobson, Anthony. Renaissance book collecting; Jean Grolier and Diego Hurtado de mendoza, their books and bindings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Hobson, Anthony. "Two Italian Renaissance Bookbindings in the Phillipps Collection." Studi di Bibliografia e di Storia in Onore di Tammaro de Marinis' vol. III. Verona, 1964: 1-4.

Hobson, Anthony and Paul Culot. Italian and French 16th-Century Bookbindings. Brussels, 1990.

Hobson, Geoffrey Dudley. Bindings in Cambridge Libraries. Cambridge, 1929.

Hobson, Geoffrey Dudley. Blind-stamped Panels in the English Book-trade, c. 1485-1555. London, 1944.

Hobson, Geoffrey Dudley. English Binding before 1500. The Sandars Lectures, 1927. Cambridge, 1929.

Hobson, Geoffrey Dudley. English Bindings 1490-1940 in the Library of J.R. Abbey. London: privately printed, 1940.

Hobson, Geoffrey Dudley. Maioli, Canevari and Others. Boston, 1926.

Hobson, Geoffrey Dudley. Les Reliures à la fanfare... 2nd ed. Amsterdam, 1970.

Hobson, Geoffrey Dudley. Studies in the History of Bookbinding. London, 1988.

Howe, Ellic. A List of London Bookbinders, 1648-1815. London, 1950.

Hueso Rolland, Francisco. Exposición de Encuadernaciones Españolas. Madrid: [Blass], 1934 (i.e. 1935).

Huizinga, Johan. The Waning of the Middle Ages. London: E. Arnold & Co., 1924. Frequently reprinted, and recently retranslated by Rodney J. Payton and Ulrich Mammitzsch (in an expanded version more closely approaching the 1919 original) as The Autumn of the Middle Ages.

Indestege, Luc. "Heads-in-Medallion Panels as Binding Decoration in The Netherlands During the Sixteenth Century." Studia Bibliographica in Honorem Herman de la Fontaine Verwey. Amsterdam, 1968: 276-296.

Ker, Neil Ripley. Fragments of Medieval Manuscripts Used as Pastedowns in Oxford Bindings. Oxford, 1954.

Kyriss, Ernst. Verzierte gotische Einbände im alten deutschen Sprachgebiet. Stuttgart, 1951-1958.

Laffitte, Marie-Pierre and Fabienne Le Bars. Reliures royales de la Renaissance: La Librarie de Fontainebleau. Paris: Bibliothèque nationale de France, 1999.

Leeuwen, Jan Storm van. Dutch decorated bookbinding in the eighteenth century. Houten, 2006.

Legatura Romana Barocca, 1565-1700(exhibition catalogue). Rome: Edizioni Carte Segrete, 1991.

Lehmann, Paul. Eine Geschichte der Alten Fuggerbibliotheken. Tubingen, 1956.

Leighton, Douglas. Canvas and Bookcloth: An Essay on Beginnings. London, 1948.

Lewis, Roy Harley. Fine Bookbinding in the Twentieth Century. New York, 1985.

Librairie Belin, Paris. Livres des XVe & XVIe siècles dans leurs reliures originales. Paris, 1914.

Lindt, Johann. The Paper-Mills of Berne and Their Watermarks, 1465-1895. Hilversum, 1964.

Lock, Margaret. Bookbinding Materials and Techniques, 1700-1920. Toronto: The Canadian Bookbinders and Book Artists Guild, 2003.

Loring, Rosamond B. Decorated Book Papers; Being an Account of Their Designs and Fashions. 2nd ed. Cambridge, 1952.

McDonnell, Joseph and Patrick Healy. Gold-tooled Bookbindings Commissioned by Trinity College, Dublin, in the Eighteenth Century. Leixlip, 1987.

McLean, Ruari. Victorian publishers' book-bindings in cloth and leather. London, 1974.

McLean, Ruari. Victorian publishers' book-bindings in paper. Berkeley, 1983.

Maggs Bros. Bookbinding in Great Britain (Catalogue 966). London, 1975.

Maggs Bros. Bookbinding in the British Isles: Sixteenth to the Twentieth Century (Catalogue 1075). 2 vols. London, 1987.

Malavielle, Sophie. Reliures et cartonnages d’éditeur en France au XIXe siëcle (1815-1865). Paris, 1985.

Marinis, Tammaro de. Die italienischen Renaissance-Einbände der Bibliothek Fürstenberg. Hamburg, 1966.

Marinis, Tammaro de. La Legatura Artistica in Italia nei Secoli XV e XVI. Firenze, 1960.

Marius-Michel, Jean. La reliure française: depuis l'invention de l'imprimerie. Paris, 1880.

Martin Breslauer, Inc. A Miscellany of Books, Autographs, and Manuscripts on Many Subjects (List 39). London, 1971.

Maser, Frederick E. Bookbinding in America, 1680-1910. Bryn Mawr, PA, 1983.

Matthews, Brander. Bookbindings Old and New: Notes of a Booklover. New York, 1990.

Mazal, Otto. Europäische Einbandkunst aus Mittelalter und Neuzeit. Graz, 1990.

Michon, Louis Marie. La Reliure française. Paris, 1951.

Michon, Louis-Marie. Les reliures mosaïquées du XVIIIe siècle. Paris: Société de la Reliure Originale, 1956.

Middleton, Bernard C. A History of English Craft Bookbinding Technique. London, 1978.

Middleton, Bernard C. A History of English Craft Bookbinding Technique. London 1963; 2nd supplemented ed. London: Holland Press, 1978.

Miner, Dorothy. History of Bookbinding, 525-1950 AD. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1957. Out of print.

Miura, Einen. Fascinating Marble Paper. Tokyo, 1988.

Moss, William E. Bindings from the Library of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, K. G., 1533-1588; a New Contribution to the History of English Sixteenth-century Gold-tooled Bookbindings. Sonning-on-Thames, 1934.

Needham, Paul. The Printer & the Pardoner. An Unrecorded Indulgence Printed by William Caxton for the Hospital of St. Mary Rounceval, Charing Cross. Washington, 1986.

Needham, Paul. Twelve Centuries of Bookbindings, 400-1600. New York, 1979.

Nixon, Howard Millar. "Binding Forgeries." VIe Congrès international des Bibliophiles. Conférences. Wien (1971): 69-8l.

[Nixon, Howard Millar]. Bookbindings from the Library of Jean Grolier. London: British Museum, 1965.

Nixon, Howard Millar. British Bookbindings Presented by Kenneth H. Oldaker to the Chapter Library of Westminster Abbey. London, 1982.

Nixon, Howard Millar. Broxbourne Library: Styles and Designs of Bookbindings from the Twelfth to the Twentieth Century. London: Maggs Brothers, 1956.

Nixon, Howard Millar. "Early English Gold-tooled Bookbindings." Studi di Bibliografia e di Storia in Onore di Tammaro de Marinis. 3rd vol. Verona, 1964: 283-308.

Nixon, Howard Millar. "Elizabethan Gold-tooled Bindings." Essays in Honour of Victor Scholderer. Mainz, 1970: 219-270.

Nixon, Howard Millar. English Restoration Bookbindings: Samuel Mearne and His Contemporaries. London, 1974.

Nixon, Howard Millar. Five Centuries of English Bookbinding. London, 1978.

Nixon, Howard Millar. "London Binding for King Edward VI, c. 1550 (English Bookbindings, IV)." The Book Collector 1.4 (1952): 244-245.

Nixon, Howard Millar. "The Memorandum Book of James Coghlan: The Stock of an 18th Century Printer and Binder." Journal of the Printing Historical Society 6 (1970): 33-52.

Nixon, Howard Millar. Sixteenth-century Gold-tooled Bookbindings in the Pierpont Morgan Library. New York, 1971.

Nixon, Howard Millar and Mirjam M. Foot. The History of Decorated Bookbinding in England. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.

Oldham, James Basil. Blind Panels of English Binders. Cambridge, 1958.

Oldham, James Basil. English Blind-stamped Bindings. The Sandars Lectures, 1949. Cambridge, 1952.

Oldham, James Basil. Shrewsbury School Library Bindings. Oxford, 1943.

Pearson & Co., London. Les femmes bibliophiles; catalogue of a collection of books bound by famous binders for royal and distinguished ladies from Marguerite de Valois to the Empress Eugénie. London, 1919.

Pearson, David. Durham Bookbinders and Booksellers. 1660-1760. Oxford, 1986.

Pearson, David. English Bookbinding Styles 1450-1800, A Handbook. London: Newcastle, 2005.

Pearson, David. Oxford Bookbinding 1500-1640, including a supplement to Neil Ker’s Fragments of Medieval manuscripts used as pastedowns in Oxford bindings. Oxford: Oxford Bibliographical Society, 2000.

Petersen, Dag-Ernst. Mittelalterliche Bucheinbände der Herzog August Bibliothek. Wolfenbuttel, 1975.

Petersen, Heinz. Bucheinbände. Graz, 1988.

Pickwoad, Nicholas. "The History of the False Raised Band." Against the Law. ed. Myers, Harris, and Mandelbrote. London: British Library and Oak Knoll Books, 2004.

Pickwoad, Nicholas, "The interpretation of bookbinding structure: an examination of the sixteenth-century bindings in the Ramey Collection in the Pierpont Morgan Library." The Library. 6th series, XVII.3 (September 1995).

Pickwoad, Nicholas. "Onward and downward; how binders coped with the printing press before 1800." A millennium of the book: production, design, and illustration in manuscript and print, 900-1900. ed. Robin Myers. New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 1994: 61-106.

Pickwoad, Nicholas. "Some deceptive practices in seventeenth-century English bookbinding." Roger Powell: The Compleat Bookbinder. Bibliologia 14. ed. John Sharpe. Turnhout, 1996.

Pickwoad, Nicholas. "The Use of Fragments of Medieval Manuscripts in the Construction and Covering of Bindings of Printed Books." Interpreting and Collecting Fragments of Medieval Books. ed. Brownrigg and Smith. Los Altos Hills, 2000.

Pollard, H. Graham. "Changes in the Style of Bookbinding, 1550-1830." The Library 5th series 11 (1956): 71-94.

Pollard, H. Graham. "The Names of Some English Fifteenth-Century Binders." The Library 5th series 25 (1970): 193-218.

Pollard, H. Graham. "Some Anglo-Saxon Bookbindings," The Book Collector 24 (1975): 130-59.

Potter, Esther. "The London Bookbinding Trade: From Craft to Industry." The Library 6th series 15 (December 1993): 259-80.

Potter, Esther. "To Paul’s Churchyard to treat with a bookbinder." Property of a Gentleman: the foundation, organisation and dispersal of the private library 1620-1920. Winchester: St Paul’s Bibliographies, 1991.

Prideaux, Sarah Treverbian. Bookbinders and Their Craft. New York, 1903.

Prideaux, Sarah Treverbian. An Historical Sketch of Bookbinding. With a Chapter on Early Stamped Bindings by E. Gordon Duff London. 1893.

Pye, David and John Kelsey. The Nature and Art of Workmanship. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1968; revised ed. Bethel, CT: Cambium Press, 1995.

Rabenau, Konrad von, with Susanne Rothe and Andreas Wittenberg. Deutsche Bucheinbände der Renaissance um Jakob Krause, Hofbuchbinder des Kurfürsten August I. von Sachsen. 2 vols. Brussels: Bibliotheca Wittockiana.

Ramsden, Charles. London Bookbinders, 1780-1840. London, 1956.

Roberts, Colin H. and T. C. Skeat. The Birth of the Codex. 2nd ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Roberts, Matt T. and Don Etherington. Bookbinding and the conservation of books: a dictionary of descriptive terminology. Washington, 1982. (See also Conservation Online)

Roquet, Antoine Ernst. Les Relieurs Français (1500-1800). Biographie Critique et Anecdotique. Paris, 1893.

Rozsondai, Marianne. "Signierte Renaissance-Einbände deutschen Typs aus dem 16. Jahrhundert." Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 63 Jahrgang (1988): 290-339.

Schunke, Ilse. Einführung in die Einbandbestimmung. Munich, 1974.

Schunke, Ilse. Die Schwenke-Sammlung gotischer Stempel- und Einbanddurchreibungen. Berlin, 1979.

Shailor, Barbara A. The Medieval Book: Catalogue of an Exhibition at the Beinecke Rare book & Manuscript Library, Yale University. New Haven: Yale University Library, 1988; reprinted Medieval Academy Reprints for Teaching no. 28 (1991).

South Kensington Museum, London. National Art Library. Bookbindings and Rubbings of Bindings in the National Art Library. by W. H. James Weale. London, 1894-1898.

Steenbock, Frauke. Der kirchliche Prachteinband im frühen Mittelalter: von den Anfängen bis zum Beginn der Gotik. Berlin, 1965.

Streeter, Burnett H. The Chained Library; a Survey of Four Centuries in the Evolution of the English Library. London, 1931.

Studi di bibliografia e di storia in onore di Tammaro de Marinis. Verona, 1964.

Szirmai, J. A. The archaeology of medieval bookbinding. Aldershot & Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing, 1999.

Thomas, Henry. Early Spanish Bookbindings'. London: The Bibliographical Society, 1939.

Thompson, Elbert A. Fine Bindings in America; the Story of the Club Bindery. By Elbert A. Thompson and Lawrence S. Thompson. Urbana, 1956.

Thompson, Lawrence S. Kurze Geschichte der Handbuchbinderei in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika. Stuttgart, 1955.

Tidcombe, Marianne. The Bookbindings of T. J. Cobden-Sanderson. London, 1984.

Tidcombe, Marianne. The Doves Bindery. London, 1991.

University of London Library. Historical and Armorial Bookbindings Exhibited in the University Library. London, 1937.

Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. The History of Bookbinding, 525-1950 AD.; an Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art, November 12, 1957 to January 12, 1958. Baltimore, 1957.

Weber, Carl J. Fore-edge Painting; a Historical Survey of a Curious Art in Book Decoration. Irvington-on-Hudson, N.Y., 1966.

Welsh, Doris V. The History of Miniature Books. Albany, N.Y., 1987.

White, Lynn Townsend. Medieval Technology and Social Change. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962.