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This is the | ''This article is about Shakespeare's play. For other uses, see [[Richard II (disambiguation)]].'' | ||
''Richard II'', one of [[William Shakespeare's plays]], presents a momentous struggle between Richard II and his cousin Henry Bolingbroke. Richard is the legitimate king; he succeeded his grandfather, King Edward III, after the earlier death of his father Edward, the Black Prince. Yet Richard is also seen by many as a tyrant. He toys with his subjects, exiling Bolingbroke for six years. | |||
When he seizes the title and property that should be Bolingbroke's, Richard threatens the very structure of the kingdom. Bolingbroke returns with an army that is supported by nobles and commoners alike, both believing themselves oppressed by Richard. This sets the stage for a confrontation between his army and the tradition of sacred kingship supporting the isolated, but now more sympathetic, Richard. | |||
''Richard II'' was probably written in 1595, and may have been first performed that year. It was published as a quarto in 1597. Sources include Raphael Holinshed's ''Chronicles'' and Edward Hall's ''Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Families of Lancaster and York''; Samuel Daniel's ''Civil Wars'' may be a source, too.<ref>Adapted from the Folger Library Shakespeare edition, edited by Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. © 1992 Folger Shakespeare Library.</ref> | |||
== Productions at the Folger == | == Productions at the Folger == | ||
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'''Second Quarto''' | '''Second Quarto''' | ||
:LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/ | :LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/55sy7v/ Second Quarto] | ||
:Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163919/ STC 22308 Copy 1] | :Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163919/ STC 22308 Copy 1] | ||
'''Third Quarto''' | '''Third Quarto''' | ||
:LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/ | :LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/ghgevi/ Third Quarto] | ||
:Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=160964/ STC 22309] | :Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=160964/ STC 22309] | ||
'''Fourth Quarto''' | '''Fourth Quarto''' | ||
:LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/ | :LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/pvp57d/ Fourth Quarto] | ||
:Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163920/ STC 22310] | :Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163920/ STC 22310] | ||
'''Fifth Quarto''' | '''Fifth Quarto''' | ||
:LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/ | :LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/b13l56/ Fifth Quarto] | ||
:Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163922/ STC 22312 Copy 1] | :Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163922/ STC 22312 Copy 1] | ||
'''Sixth Quarto''' | '''Sixth Quarto''' | ||
:LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/ | :LUNA: [http://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/40moe2/ Sixth Quarto] | ||
:Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163923/ STC 22313 Copy 1] | :Hamnet: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=163923/ STC 22313 Copy 1] | ||
<gallery> | |||
File:STC 22273 Fo.1 no.68 b6r.jpg|The 1623 First Folio title page of ''Richard II''. STC 22273 Fo.1 no.68. | |||
File:STC 22274 Fo.2 no.07 b6r.jpg|The title page of ''Richard II'' printed in the 1632 Second Folio. STC 22274 Fo.2 no.07. | |||
File:STC 22308 Copy 1 title page.jpg|The title page of ''Richard II'' printed in the 1598 Second Quarto. STC 22308 copy 1. | |||
File:STC 22309 title page.jpg|The 1598 Third Quarto title page of ''Richard II''. STC 22309. | |||
File:STC 22310 title page.jpg| The title page of ''Richard II'' printed in the 1608 Fourth Quarto. STC 22310. | |||
File:STC 22312 copy 1.jpg|The 1615 Fifth Quarto title page of ''Richard II''. STC 22312. | |||
File:STC 22313 copy 1 title page.jpg|The title page of ''Richard II'' printed in the 1634 Sixth Quarto. STC 22313 copy 1. | |||
</gallery> | |||
== Modern editions == | == Modern editions == | ||
[[File:Richard II Folger Edition.jpg|150px|right]] | |||
''Richard II'' can be read online with [http://www.folgerdigitaltexts.org/?chapter=5&play=R2&loc=p7/ Folger Digital Texts] and purchased from [http://books.simonandschuster.net/Richard-II/William-Shakespeare/Folger-Shakespeare-Library/9780743484916/ Simon and Schuster]. | |||
Hamnet link to Folger Edition: [http://shakespeare.folger.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=192171/ PR2753 .M6 2003 copy 2 v.18] | |||
==In popular culture== | |||
== Translations == | == Translations == | ||
The Folger owns at least 10 stand-alone translations of ''Richard II'' in various languages (not including collected works). Cataloging of these works is ongoing as of early 2015, and many have full-level catalog records, but some works still have only partial records. Translations can be found [[Hamnet]] in by searching for "Translations"in the '''Genre/Form Term''' field, or by searching the '''Call Number (Left-Anchored)''' field for call numbers starting with PR2796 (see the list of [[List of Sh.Col. call numbers#PR2796 .E2.80.93 Translations|Sh.Col. translations call numbers]] for specific language call numbers). Since not all translations are fully cataloged, some items may only turn up in one of these searches. | |||
== Performance materials == | == Performance materials == | ||
== Other media == | == Other media == | ||
===Image Group=== | |||
Explore the curated [https://luna.folger.edu/luna/servlet/s/82enh1 image group] for ''Richard II'' in the Folger digital image collection. | |||
''Content Advisory:'' this image group contains representations of injuries with blood. | |||
== Notes == | |||
<references /> | |||
[[Category: William Shakespeare's works]] | |||
[[Category: Plays]] | |||
[[Category: Histories]] | |||
[[Category: Richard II]] | |||
[[Category: 16th century]] | |||
[[Category: Early modern drama]] | |||
Latest revision as of 12:23, 10 August 2020
This article is about Shakespeare's play. For other uses, see Richard II (disambiguation).
Richard II, one of William Shakespeare's plays, presents a momentous struggle between Richard II and his cousin Henry Bolingbroke. Richard is the legitimate king; he succeeded his grandfather, King Edward III, after the earlier death of his father Edward, the Black Prince. Yet Richard is also seen by many as a tyrant. He toys with his subjects, exiling Bolingbroke for six years.
When he seizes the title and property that should be Bolingbroke's, Richard threatens the very structure of the kingdom. Bolingbroke returns with an army that is supported by nobles and commoners alike, both believing themselves oppressed by Richard. This sets the stage for a confrontation between his army and the tradition of sacred kingship supporting the isolated, but now more sympathetic, Richard.
Richard II was probably written in 1595, and may have been first performed that year. It was published as a quarto in 1597. Sources include Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles and Edward Hall's Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Families of Lancaster and York; Samuel Daniel's Civil Wars may be a source, too.[1]
Productions at the Folger
Early editions
First Folio
- LUNA: First Folio: b6r - d5r
- Hamnet: STC 22273 Fo. 1 no. 68
Second Folio
- LUNA: Second Folio: b6r - d5r
- Hamnet: STC 22274 Fo. 2 no. 07
Second Quarto
- LUNA: Second Quarto
- Hamnet: STC 22308 Copy 1
Third Quarto
- LUNA: Third Quarto
- Hamnet: STC 22309
Fourth Quarto
- LUNA: Fourth Quarto
- Hamnet: STC 22310
Fifth Quarto
- LUNA: Fifth Quarto
- Hamnet: STC 22312 Copy 1
Sixth Quarto
- LUNA: Sixth Quarto
- Hamnet: STC 22313 Copy 1
The 1623 First Folio title page of Richard II. STC 22273 Fo.1 no.68.
The title page of Richard II printed in the 1632 Second Folio. STC 22274 Fo.2 no.07.
The title page of Richard II printed in the 1598 Second Quarto. STC 22308 copy 1.
The 1598 Third Quarto title page of Richard II. STC 22309.
The title page of Richard II printed in the 1608 Fourth Quarto. STC 22310.
The 1615 Fifth Quarto title page of Richard II. STC 22312.
The title page of Richard II printed in the 1634 Sixth Quarto. STC 22313 copy 1.
Modern editions
Richard II can be read online with Folger Digital Texts and purchased from Simon and Schuster.
Hamnet link to Folger Edition: PR2753 .M6 2003 copy 2 v.18
In popular culture
Translations
The Folger owns at least 10 stand-alone translations of Richard II in various languages (not including collected works). Cataloging of these works is ongoing as of early 2015, and many have full-level catalog records, but some works still have only partial records. Translations can be found Hamnet in by searching for "Translations"in the Genre/Form Term field, or by searching the Call Number (Left-Anchored) field for call numbers starting with PR2796 (see the list of Sh.Col. translations call numbers for specific language call numbers). Since not all translations are fully cataloged, some items may only turn up in one of these searches.
Performance materials
Other media
Image Group
Explore the curated image group for Richard II in the Folger digital image collection.
Content Advisory: this image group contains representations of injuries with blood.
Notes
- ↑ Adapted from the Folger Library Shakespeare edition, edited by Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. © 1992 Folger Shakespeare Library.