Early Modern Measurements: Difference between revisions

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==Wet Amounts==
==Wet Amounts==


ounce (fluid): a measurement of volume, not weight 
'''Tun:''' 950-960 litres, or approximately 252 gallons during the early modern period. 


'''pipe or butt:''' 1/2 of a tun, 475-480 liters, or 126 gallons


Tun (e.g. of wine): 950-960 litres, or approximately 252 gallons during the early modern period.
'''puncheon:''' 1/3 of a tun,  316-320 litres, or 84 gallons


pipe or butt: 1/2 of a tun, 475-480 liters, or 126 gallons
'''hogshead:''' 1/4 of a tun, 237-242 litres, or 63 gallons


puncheon: 1/3 of a tun, 316-320 litres, or 84 gallons
'''tierce:''' 1/6 of a tun, 158-160 litres, or 42 gallons


hogshead: 1/4 of a tun, 237-242 litres, or 63 gallons
'''barrel:''' 1/8 of a tun, 118-120 litres, or 31 1/2 gallons


tierce: 1/6 of a tun, 158-160 litres, or 42 gallons
'''rundlet''': 1/14 of a tun, 68-69 litres, or 18 gallons


barrel: 1/8 of a tun, 118-120 litres, or 31 1/2 gallons
'''quart''':


rundlet: 1/14 of a tun, 68-69 litres, or 18 gallons
'''ounce, fluid ounce, fl oz (℥, fl ℥, f℥, ƒ ℥):'''  The fluid ounce was originally the volume occupied by one ounce (in weight) of some substance. In Britain today, an imperial fluid ounce is 1/20 of an imperial pint; a US fluid ounce is 1/16 of a US fluid pint (about 4% bigger than the imperial fluid ounce).
 
'''dram or drachm:''' 1/8 of a fluid ounce


Comparisons:
Comparisons:

Revision as of 08:36, 5 April 2018

Measurement before the enlightenment and the age of standardization varied widely. While some terms had wide adoption, others were highly regional and idiosyncratic. The following equivalencies are meant to aid in estimations.


Dry Amounts

Wet Amounts

Tun: 950-960 litres, or approximately 252 gallons during the early modern period. 

pipe or butt: 1/2 of a tun, 475-480 liters, or 126 gallons

puncheon: 1/3 of a tun, 316-320 litres, or 84 gallons

hogshead: 1/4 of a tun, 237-242 litres, or 63 gallons

tierce: 1/6 of a tun, 158-160 litres, or 42 gallons

barrel: 1/8 of a tun, 118-120 litres, or 31 1/2 gallons

rundlet: 1/14 of a tun, 68-69 litres, or 18 gallons

quart:

ounce, fluid ounce, fl oz (℥, fl ℥, f℥, ƒ ℥): The fluid ounce was originally the volume occupied by one ounce (in weight) of some substance. In Britain today, an imperial fluid ounce is 1/20 of an imperial pint; a US fluid ounce is 1/16 of a US fluid pint (about 4% bigger than the imperial fluid ounce).

dram or drachm: 1/8 of a fluid ounce

Comparisons:

1 ton = 2 butts, 3 puncheons, 4 hogsheads, 6 tierces, 8 barrels, or 14 rundlets

Weight

The ounce (abbreviated oz; apothecary symbol: ℥): the apothecaries' ounce is equivalent in weight to the troy ounce (in modern terms, 31.1g, not the ~28.3g of the avoirdupois ounce).

Distance